Urban Extras

1. Urban Extras

2. Emerging cities- cities experiencing population growth as well as increasing economic and political clout throughout their region Ex. Shanghai City types

3. Gateway city- connect two areas and serve as a gateway between them Connect two cultures and serve as a cultural point of entry Ex. Ellis Island in New York Harbor b/c it is an entry point for immigrants (it’s a national park today b/c was point of entry for European immigrants)

4. Sydney, Australia is a gateway city b/c its where immigrants enter Australia San Francisco b/c millions of Chinese have entered through San Francisco

5. Space within an urban environment that can accommodate a large number of people; can be decorated and used for celebrations Ex; Central Park in New York City Festival landscape

6. Built before the automobile, so their streets tend to be narrow and parking is usually done in alleys Residential areas are tightly packed b/c of dense populations Most have some type of mass transportation Eastern U.S. Cities

7. Cities in west are much more spread out them cities in the east Homes are often more spread out as well & have both front and back yards (homes in east don’t typically have front yards b/c of lack of space) Rely on automobiles instead of mass transportation Western u.s. cities

8. Many cities in the west use the grid street system Streets run east/west and north/south, creating a grid pattern on the landscape These streets are often named first, second, third, etc North/South streets may be called Avenues

9. Stage 1: The sail-wagon period. 1790-1830 Only means of international trade was sailing ships Once goods were on land, they were hauled by wagon to their final destination Stage 2: The iron-horse period. 1830-1870 The railroad transported goods and people in this period Four Stages of U.S. cities

10. Stage 3: The steel-rail period 1870-1920 Steel was the primary building material in the U.S. Mining its raw materials and manufacturing and transporting it provided many jobs Stage 4: The auto-air–amenity period 1920-1960 The engine transformed the American landscape with the automobile People could commute and live farther form city Airplane meant goods could be exported quicker

11. Movement of white, middle-class people away from the inner city to the suburbs White flight

12. Much older than U.S. cities and have a different structure • Rome and Athens date back as far as 3,000 years ago European cities

13. 1) residential- for housing 2) commercial- for business or retail 3) industrial- for manufacturing plants In Europe zones are often intermixed Ex: commercial on the bottom floor and apartments on the upper floors Structures in U.S. are zoned for only one Zoning laws

14. European cities were built when the automobile was still hundreds of years in the future Designed primarily for foot traffic, city streets are narrow

15. Rural areas that are set aside to prevent development from expanding too far outwards Prevalent in the United Kingdom London has a greenbelt that is over 5,000 sq. kilometers Prevent in-filling, the process of cities that are close to each merging together Greenbelts