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Imperialism

Imperialism. What we do every night Pinky, try to take over the world!. Before the Europeans. Africa was divided largely on ethnic and linguistic lines Over 1,000 languages spoken Christian, Muslim, and traditional tribal beliefs Ranged from large empires to independent villages

amery-hendricks
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Imperialism

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  1. Imperialism What we do every night Pinky, try to take over the world!

  2. Before the Europeans • Africa was divided largely on ethnic and linguistic lines • Over 1,000 languages spoken • Christian, Muslim, and traditional tribal beliefs • Ranged from large empires to independent villages • Europeans were limited to small coastal trading posts and controlled very little land • Local chiefs the Congo River Valley unknowingly signed a treaty with Belgian King Leopold II giving Leopold personal control over the land • This seizure alarms the other European nations and a land grab by all nations ensues.

  3. Berlin Conference 1884-85 • 14 European nations met • Nations could claim territory merely by informing the other nations of their claim, and proving they could control it • Stronger military means more land • By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia remained independent. • How many Africans were at the conference?

  4. But how did they rule? • Indirect Control • British (and later the US as well) • Used local leaders to control day-to-day operations of colony • Each colony had a legislative council that combined British officials and local leaders/merchants • Direct Control • Everyone else • Local leaders were removed and replaced with Colonial Rulers • Local culture was replaced with colonial culture and language

  5. Middle Eastern Colonialism • Ottoman Empire had been shrinking since 1699 • Greece and Serbia gain independence through protesting and rioting • Europeans powers see the Ottomans as week and push them aside to gain more land • Crimean War (1853) • Russia and Ottomans • French and British did not want Russia to expand, so they enter on the side of the Turks • 1st war where women establish themselves as army nurses • Random fact: Suez Canal built in 1869 • Saved 4,000 miles and two weeks rather than rounding Africa

  6. Britain Expands to India • Until the beginning of the 19th century, East India Company rules India • Has its own army • British officers commanding sepoys (Indian soldiers) • Britain created policies that forced India to produce raw materials for Britain to use in manufacturing • Positives of being a colony • 3rd largest railroad network in the world • Improved sanitation • Modern roads, telegraphs • Britain ended local wars and bandits • Negatives • Britain controlled most of the political and economic power • Britain used most crops as cash crops, rather than using as food • Officially Britain had a “hands-off” policy towards but many missionaries flocked to India and threatened traditional life

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