Chapter 7-Sec.2

1. Chapter 7-Sec.2 Sparta and Athens

2. People/Places/Key Words • ___________ overthrew the nobles with the support of the common people. • In this time a ___________ is a person who takes power by force and rules with total authority. Most were fair and acted wisely. Today the word describes a _______, __________ ruler. • By 500BC, most city-states became either __________ or __________. • In a(n) _________, a(n) __________ have power.

3. People/Places/Key Words 5. In a(n) __________, all __________ share in government. 6. __________ had a powerful __________, while __________ had a powerful ____________. • ___________ was an _________ that focused on military training. • Spartans were afraid that the _________ might rebel, so they trained for war. ______ were captive workers.

4. People/Places/Key Words 9. Spartan boys started training at age______. 10. Spartan girls were trained in ________ so that they would become healthy mothers. 11. Sparta’s __________ was an _________. 12. Two _________ headed a _________ of ___________. 13. The _________ included _________ citizens over age _________.

5. People/Places/Key Words 14. The _______ presented laws to a(n)_______. 15. The __________ was made up of all Spartan men over age __________. 16. They __________ on the council’s laws. 17. They chose _________ to ________ laws and collect taxes.

6. People/Places/Key Words 18. Athens was originally a(n) ________ but became a(n)___________. 19. A noble named _________ canceled all farmer’s __________ and freed ________. 20. ___________ won the support of the poor by giving them _______ and ______ them _______. 21. ___________ is credited with making Athens a(n) __________.

7. People/Places/Key Words 22. He organized the _________ to play the central role in governing. 23. He created a council of _________ citizens to carry out daily business.

8. Questions • Why were tyrants popular in the city states? • Why did the Spartans focus on military training?

9. Questions • How did Cleisthenes build a democracy in Athens? • Use a Venn diagram to Compare and Contrast life in Sparta and Athens.

10. Interesting Factoids • Spartan soldiers took great pains to prepare for battle. Weapons and armor had to be well maintained, and years of training honed the soldiers into powerful warriors. The soldiers even carefully dressed their hair before engaging the enemy. • Men in Athens liked to go to fancy dinner parties called symposiums. The topics of entertainment at these symposiums were riddles. “When you look at me, I look at you. When you speak, I open my mouth and move my lips, but you cannot hear me and I cannot see you. What am I?

11. Interesting Factoids • Women organized an athletic festival in honor of Zeus’s wife, Hera. The festival known as Heraia, pitted unmarried women against each other in a series of footraces organized by age groups. • According to legend, Athena competed with Poseidon, god of the sea, to become the protector of Athens. Each had to create something of value for the city-state. Athena won by creating the olive tree.

12. Interesting Factoids • As the Greek civilization continued to evolve, they began to practice many important festivals. One of these festivals was a sporting event that took place every four years in the city of Olympia. These sporting events celebrated the human form and the strength of both mankind as well as the gods. In particular, the god Zeus. Citizens of Greece would travel to Olympia from all over the nation to take part in a variety of sporting events where they could demonstrate their strength and athleticism.