Periodic Table of Elements

1. Periodic Table of Elements Help By: James Butler (Chem.11) See his original on the student section site of the chemistry site

2. What is it? • The periodic table is an arrangement of all the elements to show their similarities • Each element is set up with its’: Atomic number Element symbol Average atomic mass

3. When was it discovered? • The first periodic table was discovered in 1869, by Dmitry I. Mendeleyev. “Father of periodic table”

4. A Brief history of the periodic table! http://periodictable.com/pages/AAE_History.html

5. Basic Periodic Table!

6. Individual Element!

7. Quick Facts • The elements are placed in boxes in the periodic table. A symbol is used to represent the full name of an element. For example, H represents hydrogen; O represents oxygen, and Al represents aluminum. • Sometimes the Latin name for an element is used as the basis for its symbol, for instance K represents potassium (kalium in Latin).

8. You guide to periodic table success! On the next test, and maybe on the exam, you will have to be able to draw and label the periodic table.

9. Step 1:Know the general shape of the periodic table, to element 86.

10. Atomic numbers flow from 1 to 86. You will see this already done for you but you will need to know how to do this.This was done on the yellow sheet to save time.

11. Step 2:Know the general trend for the number of blocks in each period. • Period 1 – 2 elements • Period 2 – 8 elements/blocks • Period 3 – 8 elements/blocks • Period 4 – 18 elements/blocks • Period 5 – 18 elements/blocks • Period 6 – 18 elements/blocks

12. Step 3: Note the numbering change for Period 6. (55 56 ---- 71)

13. Step 4:Know how to label all the groups Remember there are A and B group elements. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 0, (The top) 3B, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7B, 8B(3 isles), 1B, 2B (Transition metals)

14. Step 5: • Draw in the metalloid staircase; from Boron to Astatine.

15. Step 6:Label the following groups according to their names Group 1A- alkali metals Group 2A- alkaline metals Group 7A- Halogens Group 0- noble gases, inert gases All A groups- representative elements All B groups- transition metals All metals, non-metals, and metalloids

16. Step 7:Label the following series of elements on a periodic table. Atomic # 57 to 70 – Lanthanides Atomic # 89 to 102- actinides Both of the above series are labelled as the Inner transition metals

17. Step 8: Know ionic charges associated with each group. (Chapter 5)

18. Divisions of the periodic table Lanthanide These are the basic divisions of the Periodic table Alkali Non Metals Alkaline Halogens Actinides Hydrogen Transition metals Nobel Gases

19. Basics of periodic table construction! Arranged in rows and columns based on their similarities in properties. Groups – vertical column of elements. Periods- horizontal column of elements.

20. There are 2 types of group elements: Group A elements – representative elements, called this because they display the entire range of chemical properties, has metals and non-metals. Group B elements– The transition elements and inner transition elements. (Remember their location from construction)

21. Metals:Located to the left. Note: Hydrogen (a gas) is the only non-metal on the left side of the periodic table. Non-metals: Located to the right. Note the division between the 2 types is the staircase; these elements are called the metalloids.

22. We must recognize Metals and Non-metals just by looking at the periodic table. We can do this based on their position in the table. Believe me, you must be able to do this to do the course. The easiest way to memorize all the metals and non-metals is to just know the location of the non-metals, the rest are all metals. 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A C N O F Last group are noble gases, P S Cl They are non-metals but Se Br are unreactive. Therefore, I no need to list them.

24. Important groups: • Group 7A – Halogens: they are highly reactive. • Group 0 – noble gases • Group 1A – akali metals • Group 2A - Alkaline earth metals • All “B” groups – Transition metals • All “A” groups – Representative elements (Wide range of properties)

25. Class Activity! Referring to a periodic table, classify each of the following as: Representative element Inner Transition element Transition element Noble gas Note: If it is a representative element, indicate which group and whether it is a metal, non-metal or a metalloid Tl – 81 h) Se - 34 Eu – 63 I) As - 33 Xe – 54 j) Mo - 42 Hf – 72 K) Rn - 86 Ru – 44 l) Ta - 73 Am – 95 m) Bi - 83 B – 5 n) In - 49

26. THE END