1 / 41

Interactive Guide to the Periodic Table of Elements

Explore the fascinating world of the Periodic Table of Elements, from Mendeleev's groundbreaking work to modern developments. Discover the periodic law, groups, periods, metals, nonmetals, metalloids, and more. Learn about the trends in atomic radius, ionization energy, electronegativity, and the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. Delve into the intricacies of bonding and the unique characteristics of Lanthanides, Actinides, and Man-Made Elements. Dive into the periodic table dating game and enrich your knowledge with engaging Ted Talks and informative videos.

maryjgross
Download Presentation

Interactive Guide to the Periodic Table of Elements

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Periodic Table of Elements

  2. Dmitri Mendeleev • Created first version of periodic table. • Predicted properties of elements yet to be discovered. Rockin the shaggy beard… Ted Talk: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-48znAg7VE

  3. Arranged elements according to atomic weights. • Today they are arranged by atomic number. Development of the Table: 3:39 http://youtu.be/nsbXp64YPRQ

  4. Periodic Law • “Properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.” • In other words, properties tend to repeat as you start a new period.

  5. Groups/Families(Columns 1-18) • Elements have: • Same number of valence electrons. • Similar chemical properties. • Form bonds in same way to get stable octet.

  6. Periods (Rows 1-7) • Elements have: • Same number of occupied energy levels. • Do not have similar properties.

  7. 1 valence electron Form +1 Ions Very reactive Found only in compounds. Group 1: Alkali Metals

  8. http://youtu.be/uixxJtJPVXk Rubidium http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=HY7mTCMvpEM

  9. 2 valence electrons Form +2 ions Very reactive Found only in compounds Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals

  10. Group 2: Some Alkaline Earth Metals

  11. 7 valence electrons Form -1 ions Very reactive All nonmetals Group 17: Halogens

  12. Gas Liquid Solid FLUORINE Extremely reactive gas IODINE solid → gas (sublimes) 3:00 http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=u2ogMUDBaf4

  13. Inert Gases Not reactive Have stable octet (except He) Monoatomic gases Group 18: Noble Gases

  14. Metals in the “lower” columns. (d-block metals) “Inner” transition metals are the two bottom rows (f-block metals) Transition Metals

  15. Transition Metals • Form colored compounds and solutions. • Often have multiple “oxidation states” (charges) • Honors: May involve d-sublevel electrons in forming bonds

  16. Lanthanide & Actinide Series • Two rows on the bottom of the table • “f” block • Start with lanthanum and actinium • Also called “inner Transition Metals”

  17. Man Made Elements: (“Trans Uranium”) • Elements above Uranium (Atomic #92) • Not found naturally on earth • Must be created through nuclear bombardment using particle accelerators. • Radioactive Elements: • All atoms of elements higher than Bismuth (Atomic #83) are radioactive.

  18. Do we know our groups? • Elements Song Again! • http://youtu.be/zGM-wSKFBpo • Periodic Table Dating Game • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6cF0iWC3J4 • Ted Talk: 4:24 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPnwBITSmgU

  19. Metals/Nonmetals/Metalloids

  20. Properties of Metals • Luster • Malleable • Ductile • Conduct heat and electricity • Lose valence electrons, form positive ions • All solids (except Hg)

  21. Nonmetals • No luster • Brittle (if solid) • Don’t conduct • Gain valence electrons, form negative ions • Can be solid, liquid, gas • Hydrogen is a nonmetal

  22. Metalloids (Semimetals) • Most elements along the “staircase” • Properties of both metals and nonmetals. • B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At

  23. Trends in the Periodic Table

  24. Atomic Radius • Distance from nucleus to the outer edge of electron cloud.

  25. Trends in Radius(Use Table S) Li Na K Rb Cs Fr • Down a Group Ex: Group 1 What happens? • Across a Period Ex: Period 2 What happens? Li Be B C N O F Ne

  26. Let’s Think: • Why does this trend happens? • How might it be related to electron shells and electron repulsion? • How might it be related to the pull of nuclear charge?

  27. Down a Group: • Size increases • Add new energy levels • Greater shielding from core electrons • Outer electrons further from nucleus so less attractive force

  28. Across a Period: • Size decreases • Increasing nuclear chargepulls on same # of energy levels • No increase in shielding effect http://youtu.be/ba2yN2HtPTAhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VopLrkfXfGw&safe=active

  29. Ionization Energy • Energy required to remove outermost electron

  30. Trends in Ionization Energy(Use Table S) • Down a Group Ex: Group 1 What happens? • Across a Period Ex: Period 2 What happens? Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Li Be B C N O F Ne

  31. What is the trend? Down a Group IE __________________ Across a Period IE _________________ Therefore: • Larger Radius = Lower Ionization Energy

  32. Why? The further outermost electron is from nuclear pull, easier it is to remove. More shells of kernel electrons around nucleus creates a greater “shielding effect”.

  33. Electronegativity • Attraction an atom has for electrons involved in bond formation.

  34. Electronegativity • The higher the EN value the more the atom “pulls” on electrons involved in bond. • “Tug of war” for electrons in bond

  35. Fluorine has the highest EN value = 4 • EN scale was created by comparing other elements to Fluorine • Nonmetals generally have much higher EN values than metals http://youtu.be/93G_FqpGFGY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YZ8izzEq6zI&safe=active

  36. How does this Affect Bonds? • Polar Bond: • Unequal electron sharing • Atoms have different EN • Nonpolar Bond: • Equal electron sharing • Atoms have same EN

  37. Trends in Electronegativity (Use Table S) • Down a Group Ex: Group 1 What happens? • Across a Period Ex: Period 2 What happens? Li Na K Rb Cs Fr Li Be B C N O F Ne

  38. What was the trend in electronegativity? • Down a group EN _________________ • Across a period EN ________________ • What is the relationship to atomic radius? • As size gets bigger EN gets ______________ • As size gets smaller EN gets _____________ • What element has the highest EN value? • What elements don’t have really have electronegativity values? Why is that?

  39. Metallic/NonMetallic Character • More “Metallic”: • Large radius • Low IE • Low EN • More “Non Metallic”: • Small radius • High IE • High EN http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=hANWofStHrk

  40. Links and Songs • (Honors) Intro to the Table • http://youtu.be/5MMWpeJ5dn4 • Dan Radcliffe Knows his elements! • http://youtu.be/rSAaiYKF0cs • Elements Song: • Periodic Table of Videos Crew: • http://youtu.be/afFw91fvNJM • A different Song • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM&safe=active • LIST OF COOL LINKS • http://www.nclark.net/PeriodicTable.html

  41. Crash Course Video(13 minutes) • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg&safe=active • Interactive Table • http://ny.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/phy03.sci.phys.matter.ptable/periodic-table-of-the-elements/ • Interactive Table • http://www.chemicool.com/ • Sortify Game • https://www.brainpop.com/games/sortifyelementsoftheperiodictable/ • Go React Periodic Table • http://www.msichicago.org/play/goreact/

More Related