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John Brown’s Raid

John Brown’s Raid. Who was John Brown?. Revolutionary Abolitionist Was born may 9, 1800 Died December 2, 1859 He led small groups during the bleeding Kansas crisis H e led 21 men on a raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia(also known as John Brown’s Raid)

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John Brown’s Raid

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  1. John Brown’s Raid

  2. Who was John Brown? • Revolutionary Abolitionist • Was born may 9, 1800 • Died December 2, 1859 • He led small groups during the bleeding Kansas crisis • He led 21 men on a raid of the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia(also known as John Brown’s Raid) • He had a very passionately religious family.

  3. Why did the raid occur? • John was a very passionate person. He was the type of person if there was something bad happening he would do something about it. And that’s what he did. He started john brown’s raid. He was a partial reason that slavery no longer exists. Along with many others the north won the war but there may not have been a war if it wasn’t for John Brown and his 21 men on the day of October 15, 1859. If one looks at the big picture some of us may not be alive right now if it weren’t for John Brown since if he wouldn’t have been the person to start the war then some of us might be slaves or some of us might be Abolitionist just like him, the great man of John Brown.

  4. Number’s Game John Brown’s Militia • 16 white men • 3 free blacks • 1 freed slave • 1 fugitive slave Leaders • John Brown Virginia & Maryland Militia • 88 U.S. Marines • Virginia Militia • Maryland Militia Leaders • Robert E. Lee

  5. How did the raid end? Who won the raid? • Well obviously it was the militia since they had about 5,000 more people than john brown’s Men. It ended when 4 of the men escaped, 10 died, and 7 were captured and hung. When only 1 person died and 1 was wounded for the militia. Why did John Brown’s Men lose? • Not enough Men(Obviously) Why did the Militia win? • They had over 5,000 people

  6. What happened? • John Brown’s men led a vigorous attack on the Maryland and Virginia. It lasted for about a miracle 4 days. One would think it would last much shorter like maybe a couple hours only because of the approximately 50 people to 1 ratio.

  7. October 16 • On Sunday night, October 16, 1859, Brown left three of his men behind as a rear-guard; his son, Owen Brown, Barclay Coppoc, and Frank Meriam and led the rest into the town. That night there goal was to capture the weapons before word could get to Washington. They were successful by doing that. This started the raid. This was one key part to the raid having anything to do with starting the civil war.

  8. October 17 • Armory workers discovered Brown's men early on the morning of October 17. Local militia, farmers and shopkeepers surrounded the armory. When a company of militia captured the bridge across the Potomac River, any route of escape was cut off. By 3:30 that afternoon, President James Buchanan ordered a detachment of U.S. Marines to march on Harpers Ferry under the command of Brevet Colonel Robert E. Lee of the 2nd U.S. Cavalry.

  9. October 18 • Lee first offered the role of attacking the engine house to the local militia units on the spot. Both militia commanders declined and Lee turned to the Marines. The marines broke the door down to the engine house. The action inside the engine house happened very quickly. In three minutes, all of the raiders still alive were taken prisoner and the action was over.

  10. October 19 • Robert E. Lee made a summary report of the events that took place at Harpers Ferry. According to Lee's notes Lee believed John Brown was insane,” the plan or raiding Harper’s Ferry was the attempt of a fanatic or mad­man". Lee also believed that the African Americans used in the raid were forced to by John Brown himself. "The blacks, whom he (John Brown) forced from their homes in this neighborhood, as far as I could learn, gave him no voluntary assistance."

  11. How did John Brown Prepare for his Raid? • John rented a house 4 miles away from harpers ferry for him to train his men. When it was time to raid they went together.

  12. What did the south think about the raid? • However, the South was so worried over the rebellion, that they overlooked civil liberties and due process when it came to Brown's trial. Before Brown was executed, he delivered a very eloquent speech indicating that he once thought slavery could be ended without bloodshed, but ultimately that would never happen. The North began to view Brown as more of a martyr-like figure whereas the south became more nervous not only about Brown, but the North's reaction to his raid.

  13. What did the south think about the raid? (Cont.) • As the Civil War began, John Brown became a hero and motivating force for the Northern army because, although he caused a relatively small amount of bloodshed, the war itself was full of large acts of violence. Brown became revered by some as a prophet.

  14. What did the north think of the raid? • The interesting thing about the north was that as a collective whole, the north held many differing opinions about Brown’s raid. Some viewed him as a murderer and terrorist, others viewed his raid as a "necessary evil," and others viewed him as a martyr and almost saint-like. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry was viewed as a catalyst to the start of the Civil War. Brown's raid excited the North and spurred their position to end slavery.

  15. What did John Brown’s Raid have anything to do with the start of the American Civil War? • John Brown’s Raid was not the cause of the civil war; it was just one of the many things to help put the two sides over the top and go to battle. It showed that the north wanted to fight but it was kind of a stupid move by John Brown and the other men on his side.

  16. Bibliography • 1856, November, and spent the next two years traveling New England raising funds. Amos Adams Lawrence. "John Brown (abolitionist) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Brown_(abolitionist)#Raid>. • Green, Lieutenant, Major Russell, and quickly ended the contest. The insurgents. "John Brown's Raid, 1859." EyeWitness to History - history through the eyes of those who lived it. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/johnbrown.htm>. • "John Brown." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p1550.html>. • "John Brown Chapter Two." West Virginia Division of Culture and History. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://www.wvculture.org/history/jbexhibit/jbchapter2.html>. • "John Brown Homepage." Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://www2.iath.virginia.edu/jbrown/master.html>. • "John Brown's Raid." Library of Virginia. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2011. <http://www.lva.virginia.gov/exhibits

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