Professional English for Building Environment& Equipment

1. Lecturer: Hongqiangli Email:59026314@qq.com Tel:13469444408 Professional English for Building Environment& Equipment

2. Lesson One Introduciton&Internet&IAQ 2

3. 1 2 4 3 3 Topics Introduciton HVAC&Internet Indoor air quality research trends and future challenges Text and words learning

4. (1) Questions ① Why should we have to learn? ② What should we have to learn? ③ How should we learn? Topic one: Introduciton • My answer • Important • Professional English • By heart

5. (2) Characters& Differences beteween three kinds Topic one: Introduciton 普通英语： 科技英语： 专业英语: English for General Purpose English for Science and Technology Professional English 科技英语与普通英语的区别： 语言由语音、词汇、语法三个基本要素构成，科技英语与通用英语在这三方面基本相同，但因其是在科技领域中长期使用的产物，于是在词汇、语法等方面逐渐形成了自己的特点。 普通英语 科技英语 专业英语

6. (2) Characters& Differences beteween three kinds Topic one: Introduciton 例： 我那辆老吉普车终于发动起来了 不同译法 Finally, my old jeep started. Finally, the engine of my old jeep started. Finally, my ancient jeep coughed to life. 了解和掌握这些特点，有助于： 提高阅读速度 正确理解内容 加深表达认识 改善交流能力

7. Vocabulary Characters Topic one: Introduciton ①为了用词准确，科技英语多用词义专一且稳定的词，尽量避免含糊不清或一词多义的现象； absorb ---- take in accelerate ---- speed up release ---- set free emerge ---- come out survive ---- stay alive maximum ---- greatest approximately ---- about

8. Vocabulary Characters Topic one: Introduciton ②科技（专业）英语涉及较多专业词汇，与普通英语在含义上差别较大； chilled water condenser water heat pump renewable energy 冷冻水 冷却水 热泵 可再生能源

9. Vocabulary Characters Topic one: Introduciton ③许多专门的科学术语，在某一领域内使用一段时间后，往往以缩略形式出现。 HVAC GSHP Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Ground Source Heat pump

10. Grammar Characters Topic one: Introduciton ①为了准确、清晰地反映事物间的内在联系，在语句中必然大量使用各种短语、从句等，目的是使各部分的关系明 确，含义清楚、表达全面，因此长句是科技英语的特点之一； 例： In fact, the generally accepted theory now is that the production of rain depends upon the presence of particles in the air, which serves as nuclei about which the drops may form.

11. Grammar Characters Topic one: Introduciton ②为了客观地叙述各种现象及其内在的联系，避免主观成分，被动式在科技英语中比在其他环境中使用得更为广泛，被动语态可使论证的对象更为突出醒目。 例： As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determinedby a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out.

12. Grammar Characters Topic one: Introduciton ②科技文章中大量使用一般现在时态的动词，因为科技文章大多描述不受时间限制的普遍规律。过去时态(preterite)的动词主要描述过去进行过的研究、实验等活动。此外，在科技文章中使用较多的是现在完成时态，强调过去动作的现存结果和影响。 例1：With respect to global issues of sustainable energy and reduction of greenhouse gases, biomass is getting increasing attention as a potential source of renewable energy. 例2：In a further way, we investigated the key processes that have available conservation potential, to maximize the utilization of energy resources.

13. Topic Two: HVAC & Internet 1. Introduction Internet is influencing the world, including Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration (HVACR) Industry. 2. Wheeler on HVACR: Is the Internet for you? The World Wide Web can bring you new customers and new business at a much lower cost. 3. Put the Internet to Work for You Opportunities for HVACR contractors are plentiful for those willing to adapt to this new and lucrative way of doing business. 4. Carrier, IBM to Launch Web-Enabled A/C Carrier Corp. and IBM Corp. have announced the development of a new wireless remote monitoring and control service called Myappliance.com.

14. Topic Two: HVAC & Internet Frequently used words and phrases: heating 采暖 供热ventilation air conditioning 空气调节refrigeration HVACR 暖通空调制冷 technical sophistication entrepreneur leverage proprietary technology highly educated Internet-savvy bid on Plumbing & Drainage heating 采暖 供热ventilation 通风 air conditioning 空气调节refrigeration 制冷 HVACR 暖通空调制冷 technical sophistication 技术精通 entrepreneur 企业家 leverage 杠杆、借用…的力 proprietary technology 专利技术 highly educated 受过良好教育的 Internet-savvy 熟悉网络的 bid on投标 Plumbing & Drainage 给水、排水

15. http://www.ashrae.com American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers

16. 中国空调制冷网：http://www.chinahvacr.com

17. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （1）Concept of IAQ • ① What is IAQ? Indoor air quality is defined as the nature of indoor air that affects the health and well-being of occupants. • Good indoor air quality may be defined as “air which is free of pollutants that cause irritation, discomfort or ill health to occupants” • ② Acceptable indoor air is defined by ASHRAE: • “Air in which there are no known contaminates at harmful concentrations and which a substantial majority (usually 80%) of the people exposed do not express dissatisfaction” -ASHRAE 62-1999

18. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （2）Attention to IAQ The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that more than 30 percent of all commercial buildings have significant IAQ problems. In some cases, the quality of indoor air can be critical.

19. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （3）IAQ effect People are spending more than 90 percent of their time indoors. As a result of these and other factors, totally new terminology has come into use and the topic is gaining more attention every day. Some examples include: • ① Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)—where more than 30 percent of occupants experience adverse effects while in the building, but no clinically diagnosed disease is found.

20. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （3）IAQ effect • ② Building Related Illness (BRI)—general term for a medically diagnosable illness caused by, or related to, building occupancy. • ③ Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) or Environmental Illness (EI)—a controversial condition where an individual has or develops sensitivity to even low levels of certain chemicals due to extended exposure.

21. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （4）General pollutant types that affect IAQ • Biological—bacteria, fungi, viruses, molds, pollen, animal hair, dander and excrement are examples of common biological pollutants that can impact air quality. fungi 真菌 molds 霉菌 dander 皮屑 excrement 排泄物 • Chemical—cleaners, solvents, fuels, adhesives, various combustion by- products and emissions from furnishings and floor and wall coverings are typical examples of airborne chemicals. solvents 溶剂 adhesives 粘合剂 airborne 空气传播的

22. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （4）General pollutant types that affect IAQ • Particles andAerosols—are solids or liquids that are light enough to be suspended in air. Particles are classified in three general categories—coarse, fine and ultrafine—and are derived from dust, construction activities, printing, photocopying, manufacturing processes, smoking, combustion and some chemical reactions in which vapors condense to form particles. These can be categorized as dust, smoke, mist, fume and condensates. aerosols 悬浮物 气溶胶 mist 雾 fume 烟雾 condensates 凝结物

23. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （5）Common indoor air pollutants

24. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （5）Common indoor air pollutants

25. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （5）Common indoor air pollutants

26. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • （6）How to control and improve IAQ • ① Source control Use better materials Cleaning and filtration • ② Ventilation control Local ventilation General ventilation • ③ Air Cleaners (note: equipment but not others)

27. Integrated Design Process Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges 1. Introduction an interdisciplinary science how to identify research trends 2. IAQ, the Science nature of the IAQ sciencethree stages of development 3. Research Trends classified intoseven categories 4. Research Questions five enigmas or questions 5. Strategic Goals what should we be trying to resolve fifty years from now? 6. Conclusions

28. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges Frequently used words and phrases: Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) 室内空气品质 interdisciplinary 跨学科的、交叉学科的 Environmental Sustainable Development环境可持续发展 pollutants 污染物 occupant 居住者、室内人员 receptor受体 expose to… 暴露在… PM (Particulate Matter) 颗粒物 VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) 挥发性有机化合物 ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) 吸烟引起的烟物 Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) 室内空气品质 interdisciplinary 跨学科的、交叉学科的 Environmental Sustainable Development环境可持续发展 pollutants 污染物 occupant 居住者、室内人员 receptor受体 expose to… 暴露在… PM (Particulate Matter) 颗粒物 VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) 挥发性有机化合物 ETS (environmental tobacco smoke) 吸烟引起的烟物

29. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • IAQ is an interdisciplinary science • The IAQ science is an integral component of the Environmental Sustainable Development; it is the science that investigates the environmental domain, possibly the polluted environmental domain, where individuals spend upwards of 90 percent of their time. • IAQ scientists must document the quality of indoor environments and they must estimate and justify with sound science the risks associated with exposures to pollutants in indoor environments. interdisciplinary science: 交叉学科 integral component : 不可分割的部分 domain: 领域、范围 upwards of :超过、多于 document: 以文件证明sound：合理的、合适的 exposure: 暴露

30. Topic Three: IAQ Research Trends And Future Challenges • 4. The problem is identified clearly, (i) indoor air pollutants are found at higher concentrations than corresponding outdoor levels, and (ii) individuals spent upwards of 90 percent of their time indoors. • 5. The problem has been characterized in many countries and areas by establishing pollutant distributions and well-investigated time budgets • 6. The third stage is an ongoing process, a helix like procedure leads to greater knowledge and new areas in need of further research. indoor air pollutants :室内空气污染物 concentration: 浓度 pollutant distributions: 污染物分布 time budgets: 时间分布预期 ongoing: 正在进行的 helix: 螺旋

31. 谢谢！