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The Spanish American War

The Spanish American War. Causes for the War War in Cuba Anti-Imperialism Advocates War in the Philippines . Events Leading to War. Cuban Revolt 1895: Spain sent 200,000 Weyler’s “reconcentration camps,” starvation Cuba Libra Movement: New York junta Propaganda campaign for support

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The Spanish American War

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  1. The Spanish American War Causes for the War War in Cuba Anti-Imperialism Advocates War in the Philippines

  2. Events Leading to War • Cuban Revolt 1895: Spain sent 200,000 • Weyler’s “reconcentration camps,” starvation • Cuba Libra Movement: New York junta • Propaganda campaign for support • Yellow Journalism: Hearst & Pulitzer • Cleveland favored neutrality • McKinley: sent agent to Cuba • Tries to mediate Cuban independence • The de Lome Letter • The sinking of the Maine (Photos)

  3. The USS Maine: Before

  4. USS Maine: After

  5. Congress Declares War • McKinley delays, Congress $50 million • diplomacy breaks down • War declared April 1, 1889 • Platt Amendment: US will not annex • Cuba if there is a war • George Dewey orders to leave Hong Kong and prepare attack on Manila.

  6. War Starts • First steam powered, armored naval battle • America wins due to new navy • Dewey surprises Spanish fleet in Manila • Two American ships sink whole Spanish fleet of 8 with only one death • Dewey a hero

  7. Commodore George Dewey

  8. USS Massachusetts

  9. USS Norwalk

  10. War In Cuba“The Splendid Little War” • Building an American Army: volunteers, community militias, Smoked Yankees, • 25,000 US v. 200,000 Spanish • Rough Riders: Teddy Roosevelt • Guantanamo, Kettle Hill & San Juan Hill • Spain caught in Santiago de Cuba • Puerto Rica captured • 5,500 U.S. dead; 379 from battle

  11. Battles in Cuba

  12. Roosevelt takes San Juan Hill

  13. Cuban Independence • US takes control of Puerto Rico & Guam • Cuban reconstruction and freedom in 1902 • Platt Amendment • A) No treaties with other countries which Could lead to Cuba loosing independence • B) No debt it cannot pay • C) U.S. can return to protect government

  14. Debate on Philippines • Paris Peace Treaty: $20 million for Phil. • Loud Opposition to Imperialism: Carnegie, • Mark Twain, Mugwumps, Bryan • McKinley struggles to make up his mind • Decides in favor annexation, then freedom • Senate approves treaty by two votes • Emilio Aguinaldo leads insurrection; A. McArthur • 3 year War: 50,000 to 200,000 Filipinos die • Taft civilian government: good organization • Public distaste: American Imperialism ends

  15. Emilio Aquinaldo

  16. U.S. Troops in the Philippines

  17. U.S. Troops in the Philippines

  18. Filipino Rebels

  19. U.S. Teacher in the Philippines

  20. China • Japan, England, German, Russia and France break China up into “Spheres of Influence” • Hay’s Open Door notes: One & Two • A) Each sphere respect rights of others • B) China should collect duties at ports • C) All spheres same train & port rates • The Boxer Rebellion: Chinese nationalists • Hole up the foreign embassies for 2 months • US joins European powers to put down insurrection

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