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The Spanish American War

The Spanish American War. Causes and Effects. Map of Cuba. Note the proximity of Cuba to Florida – 90 miles. Causes: Expanding Interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine. Venezuelan Crisis of 1895 Boundary dispute with British Guiana Orinoco River delta area Nicaraguan incident

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The Spanish American War

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  1. The Spanish American War Causes and Effects

  2. Map of Cuba Note the proximity of Cuba to Florida – 90 miles

  3. Causes: Expanding Interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine • Venezuelan Crisis of 1895 • Boundary dispute with British Guiana • Orinoco River delta area • Nicaraguan incident • British gunboats occupy port • Demand compensation • Pres. Cleveland Election Worries • Demands arbitration • GB at first ignores; threat of war • Arbitration – best bits go to GB

  4. Causes: Humanitarianism • Cuban Revolution 1895-1898 • See a struggle similar to our own • Prejudice against Spain • Proximity • General Weyler • “The Butcher” • Concentration Camps • Over 200,000 deaths

  5. Causes: Economics • Informal American Economic Empire • $100s of millions invested

  6. Causes: Yellow Journalism • Yellow Journalism: exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers • Hearst’s New YorkJournal • Pulitzer’s New York World • De Lome Letter

  7. Causes: Sinking of the USS Maine • USS Maine blown up in Havana harbor Feb. 1898 • 266 died • Cause unknown • Spanish blamed • Yellow Journalism • public outcry for retaliation • “Remember the Maine, To hell with Spain!”

  8. Causes: Historical Relationship • We had always had our eyes on Cuba • Fear of European Designs on the Americas • Alfred Thayer Mahan – necessity of strong navy • Monroe Doctrine

  9. Causes: Other reasons for Expansionist Foreign Policy • Everyone else is doing it. • Need for markets and raw materials • Christianize and democratize heathen • Social Darwinism and Manifest Destiny

  10. Declaration of War • McKinley had hoped to use diplomacy to assure Cuban Independence. • Europe did not step in to support Spain • April 1898 “War Message” • Teller Amendment to prevent annexation

  11. Effects: Cuban Independence • US Occupation for 3 years • Developed Infrastructure • Platt Amendment • Continued US economic dominance • Give US naval base at Guantanamo Bay

  12. Effects: US Acquisition of Territory • Puerto Rico and Guam ceded to the US • Philippines purchased for $20 million • Now a world power: • Demonstrate Naval Power • Rough Riders • World Colonies • Warning: Despotism imminent

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