The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 1

1. The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 1 Note Taking Transparency 127 Industrial Revolution 1 of 12

2. Why Britain? Britain was able to quickly industrialize because of several factors: there were many natural resources; there were enough people who had grown rich from trade to finance new industries; there was a stable government that supported economic growth. What 3 reasons made Britain the first to industrialize? The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 2: Britain Leads the Way 2 of 12

3. The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 3 Eventual Note Taking Transparency 129 What class grew as a result of the Industrial Revolution? 3 of 12

4. New Industrial Powers Emerge Despite Britain’s efforts to keep its inventions a secret, other nations, such as Germany and the United States, gained access to it industrial secrets and underwent their own industrial revolutions. Which country was the first to industrialize? What mode of transportation did Germany use during industrialization? Life in the Industrial Age Section 1: The Industrial Revolution Spreads 4 of 12

5. Which region of the U.S. was the first to industrialize? Life In the Industrial Age: Section 1 Progress Monitoring Transparency 5 of 12

6. Laissez-Faire Economics Economists during the Enlightenment tried to grapple with how the Industrial Revolution would affect the working class. Views ranged from dire (Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo) to optimistic (Adam Smith). Capitalism is when money is invested in business ventures with the goal of making a profit. The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 4: New Ways of Thinking 6 of 12

7. Karl Marx Explains Class Struggles German philosopher Karl Marx came up with the idea of communism as a solution to what he saw as a struggle between workers and business owners due to capitalism and the Industrial Revolution. Socialism and Utopianism were also developed. Communism would create a classless society in which all means of production would be owned by everyone equally. The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 4: New Ways of Thinking Marxism in the Future Karl Marx wrote The Communist Manifesto, a short pamphlet that urged the working class (proletariat) to revolt against factory owners (bourgeoisie) and then establish economic equality by having no private property. 7 of 12

8. Life In the Industrial Age: Section 1 Note Taking Transparency 147 Was a gap growing between industrialized and non-industrialized countries? 8 of 12

9. A New Social Order Arises The Industrial Revolution altered the class structure in Western Europe. Some business owners entered the upper class. The middle class grew and developed a code of behavior in which slavery was viewed as morally wrong. Life in the Industrial Age Women Work for Rights Women who would work toward women’s rights often began their political activism in the antislavery movement. They debated the economic effects of slavery. By the late 1800s, some countries allowed married women to own and control property. In the early 1900s, women could vote in New Zealand, Australia, and some western U.S. territories. Was women fighting for equal rights a monumental change in society? Section 3: Changing Attitudes and Values 9 of 12

10. Life In the Industrial Age: Section 4 Urbanization What type of migration pattern does this graph show? 10 of 12

11. Life In the Industrial Age: Section 4 Note Taking Transparency 150 11 of 12

12. Which art movements do these paintings belong to? ↑The Stone Breakers, by Gustave Courbet ↑Saturn Devouring His Children by Francisco Goya 12 of 12