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Scientific Method Review

Scientific Method Review. State Standards: Investigation and Experimentation. What the state expects:. Review notes. The scientific method is a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems.

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Scientific Method Review

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  1. Scientific Method Review State Standards: Investigation and Experimentation

  2. What the state expects:

  3. Review notes • The scientific method is a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems. • Any information you gather through your senses is an observation. Observations often lead to questions or problems • A hypothesis is a possible explanation or answer to a question. A good hypothesis is testable

  4. Review notes • after you test a hypothesis, you should analyze your results and draw conclusions about whether tour hypothesis was supported. • Communicating your findings (data) allows others to certify your results or continue to investigate your problem. • A scientific theory is the result of many investigations and many hypotheses that have been supported over time.

  5. Review notes • Scientific models are representatives of objects or systems. Models make difficult concepts easier to understand. • Models can represent things too small to see or too large to observe directly • Models can be used to test hypotheses and illustrate theories

  6. Definitions to Know • scientific method:a series of steps that scientists use to answer questions and solve problems • hypothesis:a possible explanation or answer to a question • data: any information that results from experimentation • observation: any use of the senses to gather information

  7. Definitions to Know • area: the amount of surface an object has • density: the amount of matter in a given space; mass per unit volume (density = mass/volume) • volume: the amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains • mass; the amount of matter that something is made of; does not change with the objects location

  8. Definitions to Know • meter: the basic unit of length in the SI system • temperature: the measure of how hot (or cold) something is • control group: the part of a controlled experiment that contains all of the same variable and constants as the experimental group but the independent variable is NOT changed

  9. Definitions to Know • variable: any factor in a scientific investigation that can have more than one value. In an experiment it is what is being tested AND measured • slope: a number describing how steep a plotted line on a graph is; equal to the rise divided by the run.

  10. Scientific Method

  11. Answers: • 3. F • 4. A • 5. C • 6. B • 7. E • 8. D

  12. Math In Science • 1. a cereal box has a mass of 340g. its dimensions are 27cm x 19cm x 6 cm. what is the volume of the box?

  13. Math In Science • 1. a cereal box has a mass of 340g. its dimensions are 27cm x 19cm x 6 cm. what is the volume of the box? • Answer: volume = 27cm x 19cm x 6cm = 3078 cm3

  14. Math In Science • 2. Each of two cement building blocks has a volume of 2.5L. The mass of block A is 5kg, and the mass of block B is 7kg. find the difference in the densities of the two blocks (density = mass / volume)

  15. Answer: • Block A: D= 5kg/2.5L = 2.0 kg/L • Block B; D= 7kg/2.5L = 2.8 kg/L • Block B is more dense than Block A; the difference is 0.8 kg/L

  16. Variables & Controls: • 3. Imagine that you are conducting an experiment in which you are testing the effects of the height of a ramp on the speed at which a toy car goes down the ramp. • What is the variable in this experiment? • What factors must be controlled?

  17. Answer: • The variable is the height of the ramp. • Controlled factors include the type of car, the material the ramp is made of, and the point from which the car is released.

  18. Calculating Area: • 3. • a. A = 1/2 x 7m x 8m = 28 m2 • b. A=12cm x 3cm = 36 cm2 • c. 11m x 11m =121m2 • d. A= 180 cm2 + 630 cm2 = 810 cm2 • e. A= 1.05m2 + 10.5m2 + 5.25m2 = 16.8m2

  19. Finding Volume: • 1. • a. V= 10m x 7m x5m = 350m3 • b. V= 3.5cm x 3.5cm x3.5cm= 42.875cm3 • c . V=0.25cm x 0.5cm x 3cm = 0.375cm3 • d. 8 cm x 6cm x 300cm = 14,400 cm3

  20. Challenge yourself: • 50m x 2.5m = 125 m2 • 2500m3 / 125 m2 = 20m

  21. What is a Ratio? 1 2. 3.

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