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World Port Industry and its Role in Development of World Trade

Ports Transport & Transit of Russia 2010. World Port Industry and its Role in Development of World Trade. Susumu Naruse Secretary General, IAPH The International Association of Ports & Harbors http://www.iaphworldports.org , s_naruse@iaphworldports.org. Outline of Presentation.

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World Port Industry and its Role in Development of World Trade

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  1. Ports Transport & Transit of Russia 2010 World Port Industry and its Role in Development of World Trade Susumu Naruse Secretary General, IAPH The International Association of Ports & Harbors http://www.iaphworldports.org, s_naruse@iaphworldports.org

  2. Outline of Presentation 1. About IAPH: International Association for Port Authorities in the World 2. Financial Crisis and Container Transport 3. Ports & Globalization 1. Capacity Expansion 2. Logistics & Security 3. Environments 4. Global Issues and IAPH 5. Port Administration Models IAPH

  3. About IAPH (1)Foundation • Only international association of the world’s port authorities and maritime industries. • Established in 1955, headquartered in Tokyo • Motto: World Peace through World Trade; World Trade through World Ports IAPH

  4. About IAPH (2)Missions and Structure of IAPH • Missions --to foster good relations and collaboration among all ports of the world --to promote and increase the efficiency of ports --to facilitate the formulation of common positions and policies of ports --to promote favorable publicity of all port affairs • Members of IAPH --The major members are port authorities. --Regular members cover over 200 ports in some 90 countries, who handle nearly 80% of the world container traffic • Regional Principle --Three vice-presidents are elected from 3 regions (Asia/Oceania, Europe/Africa, and Americas), and the president is basically elected in rotation of the 3 regions from among these vice presidents. • Consultative Status --IAPH is given a Consultative Status as NGO from the UN organizations such as IMO, UNCTAD, UNEP and ILO.

  5. About IAPH (3) Activities • Networking & sharing best practices • IAPH World Ports Conference, seminars, etc • Representing the world’s ports internationally • Consultative NGO status • Studying & tackling common port issues • Technical Committees, etc • Developing human resources • IAPH training scholarship, essay contest, etc. IAPH

  6. Financial Crisis and Ports (1) Financial Crisis vs. Container Throughput World economy contracted by 0.5% in 2009. (GDP decreased by 0.5%) International trade also contracted to a great degree. Container transport has experienced decrease (about 10%) for the first time in its over 60 year history. Degrees of decrease differ from region to region, and from port to port. The table shows information cited from “World Top Container Ports 2010” by “Container Management” IAPH

  7. Financial Crisis and Ports (2)Outlook for 2010 • IMF projected this year’s economic growth rate of 4.5%. • Applying a usual coefficient of elasticity (growth rate of container trade/growth rate of economy) 2 or 2.5, it may be expected that the global container throughput as a whole would increase by approximately 10%. • This means that the level of throughput in 2010 might reach almost the same level of 2008. • All of this depends on how the economy will bounce back again (no currency crisis, etc.). • Of course, the situation differs from region (port) to region (port). IAPH

  8. Financial Crisis and Ports (3) Recovery from Crisis Some signs of recovery in port throughput were able to be observed from the middle of 2009. Almost all the major container ports in the world showed recovery in the first half of 2010. Table shows growth rates of the first half of 2010 over 2009 of the major container ports in each region. They fall into the range of 15 to 20% with some exceptions. IAPH

  9. Capacity Expansion(1)Key to increase Capacity • Expanding port capacity based on long range planning • Improving port productivity based on strategic programs for port operations • Strengthening in-house capabilities on port engineering, port planning and port economics • Learning lessons of other ports • Developing its own approaches rather than copying others’ or traditional models IAPH

  10. Capacity Expansion(2)Infrastructure Development Large-scale expansion projects, new or re-development • huge investment • space limitation • environmental restrictions IAPH

  11. Logistics & Security (1)Logistics Globalization and Ports • Meeting needs for supply chain management • Dealing with super-giant customers/partners • Ensuring port contribution to local economy Evolution of new port strategy “interface between maritime transport & land transport” “hub of seamless logistics chain” “logistics value-creator or value-adder” IAPH

  12. Logistics & Security (2)Port Security • Port security • SOLAS Con. ISPS Code (July 1st 2004~) • exercises & drills, self-auditing, • awareness improvement • Supply chain security • WCO SAFE standards • introduction of AEO and mutual recognition • US Act: 100% container scanning IAPH

  13. Port Environments • Ship emission control • MARPOL Annex VI • SECA to ECA • Port clean air program • to provide onshore power supply • to introduce energy-efficient handling gears • to use low-sulphur oil • to use rail and water transport for hinterland connection (avoid using trucks or road) • Dumping of dredged materials • London Convention, 1972 • waste management assessment • Ballast water problems • invasion of harmful organizations in ballast water into marine environment in/around ports • Ballast Water Management Convention, 2004 • Port reception facilities for ship waste • MARPOL requirements, guidelines 2000 • IMO Action Plan to tackle inadequacy IAPH

  14. Global Issues and IAPH (1) Key Issues being tackled by IAPH • Economic Downturn and Port Development Position of IAPH: Ports have to continue to be prepared for the future demand by developing necessary port infrastructure. • Safety and Security Position of IAPH: We advocate AEO (Authorized Economic Operators) programs and strongly condemn piracy and urges the governments to ratify the related international conventions. • Supply Chain Logistics Position of IAPH: Ports improve supply chain logistics by providing better intermodal connection (rail and short sea shipping) and developing dry ports and other necessary infrastructure. • Ports and Cities Position of IAPH: As ports need to co-habit with cities, necessary measures should be taken when developing port infrastructure. • Environment Issues (Climate Change) Position of IAPH: Ports need to minimize environmental impacts associated with port activities and at the same time ports themselves need to adapt to climate change.

  15. Global Issues and IAPH (2)Ports and Climate Change • WPCI (World Ports Climate Initiative) was created under the umbrella of IAPH in 2008. • Six (6) projects were set up. --Carbon Footprinting --Intermodal Transport --Lease Agreement Template --Cargo-handling Equipment --Environmental Ship Index --On-shore Power Supply • Some projects have already yielded certain outcomes.

  16. Global Issues and IAPH (3) On Shore Power Supply • On-shore power supply is a system to provide electricity from the local grid to ships to meet their power demand. • As some ports have already taken this measures (US West Coast and Northern Europe), interest in the technology is rapidly growing. • With this OPS website, the users can carry out an initial feasibility study to introduce OPS in their own ports.

  17. Port Administration Models (1) -- Definition by the World Bank -- --- Public Service Port The public authority takes almost all the responsibilities of port activities. The most classical model. --- Tool Port The public authority provides almost all the necessary infra & super structure. --- Landlord Port The public authority owns infrastructure of a port but port operation is carried out by the private sector. This is the currently most popular model. --- Private Service Port The private sector takes almost all the responsibilities of a port.

  18. Port Administration Models (2)Responsibilities of Public & Private IAPH

  19. Port Administration Models (3) • Russia needs to seek its own efficient management system by considering its historical and social backgrounds. • From international perspectives, it may be safe to say “Landlord” model is the best administrative model which can be applied to most countries. • “Landlord” model has a great advantage in terms of a legal aspect because it strictly divides the roles of “Regulators” and “Operators” of ports. • Having said that, there are many exceptions in the world such as ports in UK and PSA, which have shown good performance. • You can learn a lot of first-hand experience of other leading ports in the world b actively participating in IAPH events and committees. IAPH

  20. Let’s work together with IAPH Come and join us ! 27th IAPH World Ports Conference Busan, Korea 23-27 May 2011 www.iaphworldports.org IAPH Head Office,Tokyo IAPH

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