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Lecture 18

Lecture 18. Chapter 9. MOTIVATING AND LEADING EMPLOYEES. Chapter Outcome. Describe the nature and importance of psychological contracts in the workplace Importance of job satisfaction and employee morale Important theories of motivation

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Lecture 18

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  1. Lecture 18

  2. Chapter 9 MOTIVATING AND LEADING EMPLOYEES

  3. Chapter Outcome Describe the nature and importance of psychological contracts in the workplace Importance of job satisfaction and employee morale Important theories of motivation Strategies to improve job satisfaction and employee motivation Managerial style of leadership

  4. Hierarchy Of Needs (1954) Abrahim Maslow

  5. Job Satisfaction Depends On Two Factors Two-Factor Theory(1959) – Fredrick Herzberg

  6. Expectancy Theory • Victor Vroom (1964) • People Work Towards Rewards

  7. Equity Theory • People evaluate their treatment by employers relative to the treatment of others

  8. Strategies for Enhancing Job Satisfaction and Motivation

  9. Reinforcement/Behavior Modification Theory • B.F. Skinner (1957) • Behavior can be encouraged or discouraged by means of reward and punishment • Reinforcement • Piecework • Performance = Rewards • Punishment = Negative Reinforcement • Present people with unpleasant consequences

  10. ManagementBy Objectives • Peter Drucker (1954) • Collaborative Goal Setting

  11. RecentManagement Styles • Participative Management Or Employee Empowerment • Employees Receive Greater Responsibility • Employees Feel More Committed To Organization • Team Management- Employees Given Decision-Making Responsibility • Some Employees Frustrated By Increased Responsibility

  12. Job EnrichmentAdding one more motivating factor to the job

  13. Job Enlargement & Job Rotation

  14. Job Redesign • Acknowledges that different people want different things • Restructures work to have a fit between worker and work • Job redesign is implemented in one or three ways • Combining task or job enlargement • Forming natural workgroups • Establishing client relationships • More control and feedback

  15. Modified Work Schedules • Work-Share • Flextime • Telecommuting/Virtual Office • Advantages • Employee Freedom/Control Of Life • Improves Individual Productivity • Disadvantages • Complex Coordination • Difficult To Keep Accurate Records

  16. Flextime Schedule

  17. Questions For Telecommuters • Can I Manage Deadlines? • Can I Be Without The Social Context Of The Office? • Networking • Advancement • What Will Be The Impact On My Family?

  18. Managerial Styles& Leadership • Managerial Styles- Patterns Of Management Behavior In Dealing With Employees • Leadership- Motivating Others To Work

  19. Autocratic Style • Issue Orders • Expect Them To Be Followed • Rapid Decision-Making

  20. Democratic Style • Ask For Input From Subordinates • Retains Final Authority

  21. Free-Rein Style • Manager Is Advisor To Subordinates • Subordinates Make Decisions • Fosters Creativity

  22. Contingency Style • No Specific Style Used All The Time • Situation Dictates Manager’s Leadership Style • Different Cultures Have Varying Expectations Of Leaders

  23. 21st Century Leadership/Management • Motivation • Money No Longer Prime • Different Desires At Work • Varying Lifestyles Reflect Varying Goals Of Employee • Leadership • Flatter Organizations = Less Autocratic • Diversity Of Workplace = Diversity Of Leaders • Network Mentalitys

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