Sex and Sexuality

1. Sex and Sexuality A Community’s Guide

2. Project ACE Who are we? • A collaborative effort that includes business people, government officials, law enforcement leaders, social service professionals, K-16 educators. • Using a community-based assets driven approach to change attitudes and behavior. • Seeking to encourage Action, foster Commitment, and offer Education for the purpose of helping young people in our region make healthier choices with regard to six challenging issues in their lives…

3. The Project ACE’s Topics: • Methamphetamine & other drugs • Suicide • Alcohol • Violence • Gambling • Sex and Sexuality

4. Why we care? • Because we are concerned about young people in southwest North Dakota. • We recognize the critically important role young people will play in the future successes and vitality of North Dakota.

5. Community Partners • Badlands Human Service Center • Bureau of Criminal Investigation • Community Action Partnership • Department of Public Instruction • Dickinson Ministerial Association • Dickinson Police Department • Dickinson State University • Domestic Violence & Rape Crisis Center • Elected Officials • North Dakota Highway Patrol • Quality Quick Print • Region VIII School • Rural Crime and Justice Center • SW Judicial District Juvenile Court • St. Joseph’s Hospital & Health Care Center • Stark County Sheriff’s Department • Stark County Social Services • Southwestern District Health Unit • West Dakota Parent & Family Resource Center

6. Are you prepared … • As a parent are you comfortable in talking with your children? • As sexual partners are you comfortable discussing sexual issues with your partner?

7. WHAT

8. Definitions: • Sex • Gender- Born either male or female • Sexuality • Is a natural and healthy part of living • Involves more than sex, and sex involves more than intercourse • In our sexual growth process, what we do with the knowledge we have learned determines who we are • Factors influencing sexuality include: sexual knowledge, beliefs, attitudes, values, ethnicity, spiritual, cultural, moral concerns and influences of behaviors of other individuals in our lives (parents, peers, teachers/coach). • It includes not only anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry of the reproductive system, but also identity orientation, roles, personality, thoughts, feelings, and relationships.

9. Sexual Activity Is how we respond to our sexuality: oral, manual, anal, and vaginal intercourse; penetration of any of the bodies orifices.

10. Dating vs. Hooking-Up • Dating involves going on dates in the early stages of a relationship to get to know each other. • Hooking-up getting together to have sex. Often means “no-strings attached.” Neither parties consider any possible consequences of their actions. No emotional involvement or attachment. Instant gratification for both partners is a priority. Also known as “Friends with Benefits.”

11. Youth are sexually active in their homes and others homes during the daytime without fear of being seen, or feeling remorse if others were to find out. Active time for sexually active youth is from 3:30-5:00p.m. before parents are home from work. Lunch hour combined with a study hall creates a two hour window for sexual activity.

12. Widowed or divorced people may use hooking up as a means to be sexually active without the complications of dating. • Young adults have found an easier mean to fulfill sexual needs without commitment through hooking-up vs. dating.

13. SO WHAT

14. National Sexual Activity Statistics • Younger people begin having intercourse earlier, marry later, and have more life partners. • More than half of women and almost three-forth of men age 15-19 have had sexual intercourse. • More than 4 in 10 adults have had 5 or more sexual partners in their lifetime. • The median number of lifetime sexual partners by age 60 is 2 for women and 6 for men. • One in 5 people had a new sexual partner in the past 12 months. • 10% of married womenand 25% of men have had an affair.

15. YouthNational & State Statistics High School Students 9-12th grade: • Have had sexual intercourse during their lifetime. Nationally 47% North Dakota 43% Seniors 57% • Have had sexual intercourse for the first time before 13 yrs of age. Nationally 7% North Dakota 4% • Have had sexual intercourse during their lifetime with ≥4 sex partners. Nationally 14% North Dakota 19% • Have had sexual intercourse during the 3 months preceding the survey. Nationally 34 % North Dakota 46% Excerpts from the 2003-05 National Youth Survey (YRBS).

16. Youth National & State Statistics High School Students 9-12th grade: • Reported they or their partner used birth control pills to prevent pregnancy. Nationally 17% North Dakota 22% • Reported they or their partner used condoms to prevent pregnancy. Nationally 63% North Dakota 66% • Have engaged in sexual behaviors. Nationally 42% North Dakota 44%

17. Youth National & State Statistics • Drank alcohol or used drugs prior to last sexual intercourse. North Dakota 30% • Felt that sexual abstinence is not important at this time of their life. North Dakota 25% • Discussed AIDS/HIV in North Dakota at: School 90% Home 40%

18. Sexually Transmitted Infections Gonorrhea in North Dakota Gonorrhea cases increased from 103 cases in 2003 to 111 in 2004. 66% were females 29 cases were reported among 25-29 year olds. 26 cases were reported among 20 - 24 year olds. 34 cases reported among 15-19 year olds. Chlamydia in North Dakota Chlamydia cases increased to 1,835 cases in 2004 compared to 1,655 in 2003. 67% were female 25-29 year old age group reported 268 cases. 20-24 year old age group led all age groups with 863 of the cases. 15-19 year old age group was second with 557 cases. HIV in North Dakota Through 2004 – 343 HIV/AIDS cases were reported in North Dakota. 85% were male 15% were female 59% Diagnosed as AIDS 37% have died 68% were between ages 20-39 at diagnosis 15 New cases in ND last year 5 of 15 already classified as AIDS 130 persons have died from HIV in ND

19. Impacts of Sexually Transmitted Diseases • U.S. has the highest rates of STI’s in the industrialized world with 15 million new cases occurring annually. • 340 million cases of curable STI’s occur each year in the U.S. (1 in 10 people test positive). • Annual U.S. cost of treating Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) and its consequences is $4.2 million per year. • Infertility caused by PID costs upwards of $1 billion per year in the U.S. • 20 million Americans have HPV with 6.2 million new cases/year. 90% unaware they have the disease. • Many STI’s are viral, you acquire them for life and there is no cure.

20. Pregnancy Nationally in 2000 822,000 women become pregnant before they were 19 yrs. One third of these were than 15-17 years old. 20,000 were less than 15 years. 500,000 gave birth. Of the births 9,000 were 14 years or less. North Dakota in 2000 1,080 pregnancies occurred in teenagers. Ten girls 14 years and under became pregnant. 710 teenage girls gave birth. 1 in 25 teenage girls became pregnant. In our Region 31% of all births are to single moms.

21. Pregnancy SW ND Region 8 2004 31 females < 19 years became pregnant 23 of these gave birth Stark County 2004 23 females < 19 years became pregnant 17 of these gave birth

22. Impacts of Pregnancy Average cost of prenatal care and delivery $6,000 and for Cesarean $10,000 Average cost for Well Baby checks with immunizations $3,000 Average cost of Supplies (diapers, cloths, equipment) $5,400 WIC Program $4,300 OPOP Program $250 TANIF (AFDC) & Food Stamps $37,000 Family Planning Services maybe free depending on income level.

23. Impacts on Psychological Health Emotional Pressure and Stresses • Women are much more likely to say their first intercourse was as a result of peer pressure. • Having sexual intercourse at an earlier age is directly linked to multiple sexual partners. • Dating earlier in life to “fit in.” • Using alcohol and drugs earlier in life impacts relationships and their meaning. • Unhealthy and unwanted choices being made before developmentally ready.

24. NOW WHAT

25. Parental Involvement GET INVOLVED with your children, schools, and community. VISIT with your children; know WHO their friends are and WHERE they are going. Get involved with activities such as clubs, dance, drama, sports, music. COMMUNICATE with your children and know their language, and what their words mean. MONITOR television. Know what your children are watching, block age-inappropriate channels and individual programming. What are the commercials they are watching. What message are they receiving from the TV. Monitor their Internet use, block web sites, chat rooms, e-mail’s. Learn the term “Cyber bullying.”

26. Parental Involvement SET EXAMPLESby your own behaviors, and be aware of your own words and actions. MANAGE YOUR CHILDREN’S BEHAVIORS & SET BOUNDARIES;car use, friends, disposable monies, computers, TV, phone use, cell phone, tattoo/piercing.

27. Parent Involvement REINFORCE good values, “Look in the mirror…Do you like what you see?”

28. Self Involvement Safer Sex Practices Condoms used correctly 100% of the time, will help decrease the transmission of HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomonas. Condoms will not prevent transmission of herpes, genital warts, syphilis, pubic lice or scabies. Preventing contact with a STI is safest. Abstinence • Long term mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected person Testingfor STI’s, including HIV, for both partners should be done before initiating sexual intercourse. If a person chooses to have sex with a partner whose infection status is unknown or who is infected, condoms should be used.

29. Community Involvement GET EDUCATED… Get involved by knowing what’s going on in the community we are all apart of. Keep abreast of what ‘else’ lives in the community with you, and what to be looking for. GET READY… Find out what programs and resources are in your community and KNOW exactly how to access them at any time of need. GET GOING…To help yourself, a neighbor, a family member, a friend, or a co-worker, to keep your community healthy and thriving. GET THE MESSAGE….NEVER LOSE IT !