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Social Conflict In The 20s

Social Conflict In The 20s. April 15th, 1920. The Slater-Morrill Shoe Factory, Boston. A paymaster and guard were killed for $15,000. Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti. Italian immigrants. who were arrested for the murders 5 months later. Both Sacco and Vanzetti were

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Social Conflict In The 20s

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  1. Social Conflict In The 20s

  2. April 15th, 1920 The Slater-Morrill Shoe Factory, Boston

  3. A paymaster and guard were killed for $15,000

  4. Nicola Sacco & Bartolomeo Vanzetti Italian immigrants who were arrested for the murders 5 months later

  5. Both Sacco and Vanzetti were identified as violent anarchists by police

  6. Sacco worked at a factory. Vanzetti was a fish seller.

  7. The First Trial - Vanzetti was tried for the robbery - Sacco was able to prove through timecards he had been at work at the time of the robbery and, therefore, was not tried - 16 witnesses placed Vanzetti at a fishmarket, however he had no physical evidence - Vanzetti was convicted and Judge Webster Thayer sentenced him to 12-15 years

  8. The Second Trial - Judge Thayer was again presiding - Sacco and Vanzetti maintained the same alibis - The prosecution presented one piece of hard evidence: when arrested, 5 months after the crime, Sacco had 5 shotgun shells in his pocket - The prosecution accused both men of being draft dodgers during WWI (which was impossible because they were not citizens) - The prosecution’s main argument, however, was that the two men were guilty by association: they were both Italian immigrants and friends with anarchists - After three hours of deliberation, the jury found both men guilty and Thayer sentenced them to death in the electric chair

  9. The trial became known as: "The Trial of the Century"

  10. A Death Watch was held in New York City

  11. And immigrant communities protested the convictions... the international community was also outraged...to no avail

  12. Sacco and Vanzetti ran out of appeals on April 8, 1927 and were put to death on August 23, 1927

  13. An artists named Ben Shahn did a series of oils called "The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti" from 1931-32 to comemorate their trial

  14. The convictions highlighted the paranoia around immigrants and political radicals

  15. I. Sacco & Vanzetti A. Italian immigrants who were arrested for 2 murders at a factory 1. Very little evidence to convict 2. Many believed they were convicted due to immigrant/anarchist label 3. Sentenced to death: “Trial of the century” B. Highlighted the paranoia around immigrants and political radicals

  16. Palmer Raids & Red Scare During WWI the U.S. experienced a number of internal terrorist acts

  17. Palmer Raids & Red Scare President Woodrow Wilson authorized the Bureau of Investigation to infiltrate these groups. They discovered that many, though certainly not all, were recent immigrants who supported anarchy or communism.

  18. Palmer Raids & Red Scare A. Mitchell Palmer: U.S. Attorney General under Woodrow Wilson Wilson and U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer decided to crack down. We must find these “hyphenated Americans who have poured the poison of disloyalty into the very arteries of our national life. Such creatures of passion, disloyalty and anarchy must be crushed out!”

  19. Palmer Raids & Red Scare Following the Russian Revolution, especially, an Anti-Communist frenzy swept the U.S.

  20. Palmer Raids & Red Scare The same fears of immigrants and radical politics which convicted Sacco and Vanzetti swept the nation as A. Mitchell Palmer led raids into immigrant neighborhoods

  21. Palmer Raids & Red Scare - Over 5000 "suspected" communists were arrested - Around 600 were deported - There were no trials, they were simply assumed guilty - No Communist plot to overthrow the government has ever been uncovered

  22. Palmer Raids & Red Scare The ACLU (founded in 1920) tried to defend these people, arguing that their constitutional rights were violated, but they had very little success

  23. II. Palmer Raids & Red Scare A. Response to anti‑Communist frenzy after Russian Revolution B. Led by Attorney General Mitchell Palmer 1. Over 5000 “suspected” communists arrested 2. 600 deported 3. no trials, assumed guilty 4. No Communist plot to overthrow Govt. was uncovered C. Major violations to constitutional protections 1. American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) defended immigrants

  24. Resurgence of the KKK After WWI, alarmed by the country's diverse population, the KKK was resurected by Dr. Hirem Wesley Evans

  25. Resurgence of the KKK By the mid 1920s records indicate at least 15% of the U.S. white population had joined the Klan in a highly structured hierarchy

  26. Resurgence of the KKK "America for the Americans"

  27. Resurgence of the KKK Sought to return to some idealized past

  28. Resurgence of the KKK Anti-Jewish, Catholic, immigrant, union, radical politics, "wild woman", and non-anglo saxon immigrant

  29. Resurgence of the KKK The KKK uses violent intimidation

  30. Resurgence of the KKK Part of the Klan rebirth was a result of a film: D.W. Griffith's Birth of a Nation The film glorified the old Klan and its importance in maintaining white supremacy after the Civil War...

  31. Resurgence of the KKK Even Woodrow Wilson’s stance on the KKK was quoted in the film

  32. III. Resurgence of Ku Klux Klan A. After WWI, alarmed by country’s diverse population B. “America for the Americans” 1. Sought to return to some idealized past 2. Anti‑Jewish, Catholic (including the Pope), immigrants, union, radical politicians, “wild women”, minority groups C. Used violence to intimidate

  33. Race Riots Broke out between blacks and whites in northern cities

  34. Race Riots Broke out between blacks and whites in northern cities

  35. Race Riots Lynchings reached an all time high

  36. Race Riots Lynchings reached an all time high

  37. Race Riots Lynchings reached an all time high

  38. Race Riots Few Klansmen were ever brought to justice

  39. IV. Race Riots A. Broke out between Blacks and Whites in Northern cities B. Lynchings (mob violence) increased 1. Very few KKK members brought to justice

  40. Prohibition - 18th Amendment (1919-1933)/Volstead Act In 1919 the long battle against booze was won by the temperance leagues and family activists

  41. Prohibition - 18th Amendment (1919-1933)/Volstead Act

  42. Prohibition - 18th Amendment (1919-1933)/Volstead Act

  43. Prohibition - 18th Amendment (1919-1933)/Volstead Act

  44. Speakeasy Illegal Drinking Place

  45. Speakeasy Illegal Drinking Place

  46. Speakeasy Illegal Drinking Place

  47. Speakeasy Illegal Drinking Place

  48. Bootleggers distributed illegal alcohol Individuals made moonshine

  49. Organized Crime Increased Over 500 Gangs in Chicago developed to distribute this illegal giggle water

  50. Al Capone made at least $400 Million then he got arrested for tax evasion...

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