The ROARING 20s

1. TheROARING 20s

2. Introduction to the Roaring Twenties • One of the most boisterous and rowdy decades in US History • A new prosperity allowed Americans to enjoy luxuries and embrace new forms of entertainment. America resembled a boiling kettle, fairly bursting with the wailing of the sounds of jazz, wildly dancing feet, the roar of thousands cheering on sports, and conversations laced with slang terms.

3. Introduction to the Roaring Twenties • A number of significant and enduring trends emerged altering the American landscape • New forms of transportation, a “new” woman, and increased manufacturing of a wide variety of goods emerged • Radios became a household necessity, “talkie” movies replaced silent film, and this decade would also bear witness to the flowering of African American culture known as the Harlem Renaissance.

4. Facts about the Roaring 20s • FACTS about this decade. • 106,521,537 people in the United States • 2,132,000 unemployed, Unemployment 5.2% • Life expectancy:  Male 53.6,   Female 54.6 • 343,000 in military (down from 1,172,601 in 1919) • Average annual earnings $1236;  Teacher's salary  $970 • Dow Jones High 100  Low 67  • Illiteracy rate reached a new low of 6% of the population.  • Gangland crime included murder, swindles, racketeering • It took 13 days to reach California from New York.  There were 387,000 miles of paved roads.

5. Jigsaw Activity Expert Groups on the following topics: • Changing Role of Women • Sports, Leisure Time, and American Culture • The Harlem Renaissance and Jazz Age • Technology and Transportation • Consumerism • Prohibition • Radio and the Movies • Fundamentalism vs. Evolution

6. Each group will create an informational poster on their topic using the information provided in your topic folder and textbook. • Your informational poster should tell a person everything they need to know about your topic. Be sure to in some way answer the essential questions provided for each topic on your poster board! You have 30 minutes! • When time is up, the posters will be placed around the room, and you will have an opportunity to read about and answer the questions for each topic.

7. The Changing Role of the Woman • What characteristics identified a flapper? • What were the fashion and social trends that young women of the 20s embraced?(4) • How did women’s sexual ideas and practices change during the 1920s? • What was the “double standard?” • Who was Margaret Sanger?

8. Sports, Leisure Time, and American Culture • What factors led sports to flourish? • What sports were popular and who were the people that made them popular? (2) • How did literature change? • What was the “Lost Generation?” • Who were the prominent authors of the 1920s?(4) • What “Jazz” age author wrote the Great Gatsby?

9. The Harlem Renaissance and the Jazz Age • What was the Harlem Renaissance? • Where did Jazz come from and what was its appeal? • What are some of the cultural accomplishments of the Harlem Renaissance and how did they increase the pride of African Americans? • Who were the prominent writers, artists, and musicians of this time period? (5) • What is Black Nationalism and who is Marcus Garvey?

10. Technology and Transportation • How did Henry Ford change the way automobiles were produced? • How did automobiles change the lives of Americans? (3) • How did aviation capture the attention of the American people? • Who were Charles Lindbergh and Amelia Earhart? • In what ways did the standard of living increase for Americans during the 1920s? (4-5)

11. Consumerism in the 1920s • How did consumerism change in the 1920s and why? • How did advertising change? • Explain how the installment plan worked for the American consumer and what dangers might easy credit create? • Why was the term prosperity used to describe the time period? • What were the differences between urban and rural life?

12. Prohibition • What previous movement finally led to prohibition? • What did the 18th amendment outlaw and how did it effect society? • What methods did Americans use to acquire and conceal alcohol during prohibition? (3) • What role did organized crime play during the 1920s? • Why was prohibition difficult to enforce? • What is a speakeasy?

13. Radio and the Movies • Why did broadcasting become widespread during the 1920s? • How did the radio industry grow and transform American lifestyle? • What were some of the limitations and criticisms of the movie industry? • How did fans idolize movie stars and who were the movie stars? • What is a talkie?

14. Fundamentalism v. Evolution • What is fundamentalism and in what ways was it expressed? • What is Darwin’s Theory of Evolution? • Why was John Scopes arrested? • Who was the prosecuting attorney? • What was the verdict? • The Scopes Trial is an example of __________________ vs. _________________

15. The Roaring Twenties in Summary: • The 1920s was a time of prosperity, but also a time of many downfalls. It was an era of change . . . a time when people began to do what they wanted to do instead of following social norms. The  U.S. prospered as Henry Ford developed the automobile assembly line, as the nation had its first ever TV broadcast in New York, and as mail was delivered via airplanes. Women fought for the right to vote and changed the rules of fashion. Prohibition made it illegal to drink alcohol, creating organized crime with Al Capone leading the way. Warren Harding's administration participated in the Teapot Dome Scandal, but Harding's death left Calvin Coolidge to deal with the aftermath. Babe Ruth and the Yankees ruled the arena of Baseball. The first ever sports broadcast was delivered during a Jack Dempsey fight. Charles Lindbergh got the name "Lucky Lindy" and became a national hero. Americans feared a Communist takeover, especially A. Mitchell Palmer who sent suspected Communists back to the Soviet Union on what was deemed "The Soviet Ark." Italian immigrants, Sacco and Vanzetti, were executed in one of the biggest trial of the Twenties. W.E.B. DuBois, Marcus Garvey, and Langston Hughes led the Harlem Renaissance period. Garvey spoke of his ideas for Black Nationalism while DuBois and Hughes became leading writers of the black movement. The Ku Klux Klan began their prejudice spree, preaching white supremacy. Clarence Darrow prosecuted John Scopes during the "Monkey Trial," after Scopes admitted to disobeying the Butler Act by teaching evolution. In this decade following the First World War, America prospered as the leading nation of the world. It is clear to anyone that the memories of the Roaring Twenties are still vivid as we prepare to enter the 21st Century.

16. Essential Questions 3. How did the economy grow during the 1920s? 4. How as life changed by the prosperity of the 1920s? 5. How did the Harlem Renaissance challenge the perception of race in America?

17. Review Questions • Which communications medium was most important in shaping life during the 1920s? • Newspapers • Telephones • Radio • Television

18. 2. The term “flapper” refers to • The people who talked too much during the war • The illegal drinking clubs of the Prohibition era • The new body style of the Model A car by Ford • The new attitudes and lifestyles of the ’20s woman.

19. 3. What was the Scopes trial about? • The arrest of a communist leader • The arrest of a KKK member who had killed a black man • The arrest of a teacher for teaching evolution • The attempt to ban religion from the school system

20. 4. Which famous flyer of the ’20s was the first to fly across the Atlantic Ocean? • Red Baron • Amelia Earhart • Charles Lindbergh • John Glenn

21. 5. Which of the following is NOT true about the ’20s? • Women began to reject the old fashioned values of their mothers • Many black Americans moved North in search of better opportunities • Rock-n-roll music developed • The Harlem Renaissance showed black cultural achievements

22. 6. Which of the following caused the Harlem Renaissance to flower in the 1920s? • Immigration and overcrowding • New pride in the African American experience • The NAACP • Marcus Garvey’s organization

23. 7. Which was most responsible for what led to the Scopes Trial? • Judaism • Agnosticism • Theosophy • Fundamentalism