1 / 23

Fundamentals of measurement

Fundamentals of measurement. Due Today: 1. Fundamentals Pre-Lab 2. Fundamentals Short Report Homework: 1 . Density Part-1 Pre Lab. Objective. Refine measurement skills using instruments Apply rules of significant figures to combine measurements for calculations. Key Terms. Side A

ananda
Download Presentation

Fundamentals of measurement

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Fundamentals of measurement Due Today: 1. Fundamentals Pre-Lab 2.Fundamentals Short Report Homework: 1. Density Part-1 Pre Lab

  2. Objective • Refine measurement skills using instruments • Apply rules of significant figures to combine measurements for calculations

  3. Key Terms • Side A • Measure to the nearest 0.1 m • Side B • Measures to the nearest 0.1 dm • Side C • Measures to the nearest 0.1 cm • Side D • Measures to the nearest 0.1 mm

  4. Procedure Notes • Four Stations 1. Linear Measurements and Volume: • Cube • Rectangular Cuboid • Cylinder • Use calipers to measure the diameter • Units: • Volumes will be reported in cm3 or mm3

  5. Procedure Notes 2. Density of Solids: • Cube • Rectangular Cuboid • Units: • Volumes will be reported in mm3 or cm3 • Densities will be reported in g/mm3 or g/cm3

  6. Procedure Notes 3. Linear Measurement and Area: • Triangle • Rectangle • Parallelogram • Units: • Areas will be reported in mm2 or cm2

  7. Procedure Notes 4. Density of Liquids: • Volume with Buret • Volumes reported to the nearest 100th mL (25.35 mL) • Volume with Graduated Cylinder • Volumes reported to the nearest 10th mL (12.5 mL) • Units: • Densities will be reported in g/mL

  8. Waste • Blue and Yellow liquid  Down the drain • Green liquid  Waste container in waste hood

  9. Risk Assessment • Green Solution: • Isopropyl Alcohol • Danger • Flammable Liquid • Mild Skin Irritation • Harmful if Swallowed

  10. Equipment Notes • Using Calipers • Make sure the calipers read zero when closed • Use the outside jaws to measure the outer diameter or width • Use the inside jaws to measure the inner diameter

  11. Equipment Notes • Read & record the millimeter mark just to the left of the zero on the fixed caliper 17.0 mm

  12. Equipment notes • Read & record the millimeter mark that lines up with the vernier scale (moveable) and the fixed scale. 0.48 mm

  13. Equipment notes • Add the measurements together to get an accurate reading 17 mm + 0.48 mm = 17.48 mm

  14. Significant Figures • ALL non-zero numbers are ALWAYS significant • (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) • ALL zeros BETWEEN non-zero numbers are ALWAYSsignificant • 1005 • 10.05

  15. Significant Figures • ALL zeros to the right of the decimal point AND at the end of the number are ALWAYS significant • 501.040 – zero is significant • 1200 – zeros are NOT significant • 0.0052 – zeros are NOT significant (leading zero)

  16. Significant figures • ALL zeros to the left of a decimal point AND in a number are ALWAYS significant • 1500.0 – zeros ARE significant • 1700.3 – zeros ARE significant • 100 – zeros are not significant

  17. Significant figures • Defined quantities do not limit significant figures • Unit conversions - 100 cm/m • Molar mass • Density • Values of constants do not limit significant figures • Pi - ∏ • Avogadro's number - 6.022 x1023

  18. Significant figures • Addition and Subtraction • The number of decimal places determines the number of significant figures

  19. Significant figures • Multiplication and Division • Count the number of significant figures. Round your answer to the lowest number of significant figures. 8 Significant Figures 5 Significant Figures 10 Significant Figures (from calculator)

  20. calculations • When doing a calculation with different units, convert to the smallest unit • Example: Side 1 : 0.5 dm→50 mm Side 2: 2.4 cm→24 mm Side 3: 24.0mm 24.0 mm 0.5 dm 2.4 cm

  21. calculations • Volume of cube • V = l3 • Volume of rectangular cuboid • V = l x w x h • Volume of cylinder • V = l x ∏ x r2 • Area of a Triangle • A = ½ b x h

  22. calculations • Area of a Rectangle/Parallelogram • A = l x w • The width of a parallelogram is NOT the other side w

  23. Summary of calculations • Atriangle= ½ b x h • Arectangle= l x w • D= • Vcube = l3 • Vrectangle = l x w x h • Vcylinder = l x ∏ x r2

More Related