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Simple Carbs. The “-ose” Sugars!. Simple CARBS ( called sugars). Found naturally in fruits, veggies, milk and milk products, and breads and cereals Include sugars added in “refining” process Processed foods with added sugar have fewer nutrients than “natural” sugars.
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Simple Carbs The “-ose” Sugars!
Simple CARBS ( called sugars) • Found naturally in fruits, veggies, milk and milk products, and breads and cereals • Include sugars added in “refining” process • Processed foods with added sugar have fewer nutrients than “natural” sugars .
Simple Sugars “-ose” • Simple sugars end in “–ose” • Simple sugars can be either in one unit called “monosaccharides” or two units called “disaccharides”.
Monosaccharides Glucose-blood sugar Fructose- fruit sugar Galactose-found in lactose Disaccharides Sucrose- table sugar Maltose-malt sugar Lactose-milk sugar Types of Simple Sugars
Glucose- (Blood Sugar) • Monosaccharide • Simplest form of a carbohydrate • Sometimes called “blood sugar” • Ready to use “fuel”
Fructose (fruit sugar) • Monosaccharide • Sometimes called “fruit sugar” • Converts slowly to glucose in liver • Tastes “sweet” • Results in slower rise in blood glucose
Galactose • Monosaccharide • Not found “freely” in foods • A part of lactose
Sucrose (table sugar) • Disaccharide • Made of a glucose and a fructose • Enzyme breaks apart sucrose • Liver converts fructose to glucose • Produces “sweet” taste
Lactose (milk sugar) • Disaccharide • Found in mammals milk • Made of glucose and a galactose units • Liver converts galactose to glucose
Maltose (malt or seed sugar) • Disaccharide • Made of 2 glucose units • Comes from the malt part of a seed • Produces fast rise in blood sugar
Brown sugar Corn sweetener Corn syrup Dextrose Fructose Fruit juice concentrates Glucose High-fructose corn syrups Honey Invert sugar Lactose Maltose Malt Syrup Molasses Raw Sugar Sucrose Sugar Syrup “Added Sugar” to Look For