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Carbs , Lipids, & Nucleic Acids

Carbs , Lipids, & Nucleic Acids. Chapter 5. Carbohydrates. Carbohydrates. Sugars (Monosaccharides) Monomer of ___________ Example: _____________ Disaccharides ___ Monosaccharide Example: _________________ Polymers of sugars (Polysaccharides) ____________ Examples:

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Carbs , Lipids, & Nucleic Acids

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  1. Carbs, Lipids, & Nucleic Acids Chapter 5

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Carbohydrates • Sugars (Monosaccharides) • Monomer of ___________ • Example: _____________ • Disaccharides • ___ Monosaccharide • Example: _________________ • Polymers of sugars (Polysaccharides) • ____________ • Examples: • ______________________ • ______________________

  4. Animations • 05_05Disaccharides_A.swf • 05_07Polysaccharides_A.swf

  5. Nucleic Acids

  6. Nulceotides Nucleic Acid • Nucleic Acid = __________________ • Nucleotide = _________ • Nucleotide consists of 3 parts • _____________ • _____________ • _____________

  7. Purines & Pyrimidines

  8. More Animations • Animation-03-01.swf • (Nucleic Acids)

  9. DNA vs. RNA

  10. Questions (P1) • What are the 3 components of a nucleotide? • How does a nucleotide differ from a nucleic acid? • How does a nucleotide differ from a nucleoside? • What are 3 structural differences between DNA & RNA?

  11. Questions (P2) • Which n-base type has 1 ring? 2-rings? • What is the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology? • In DNA, the amount of A = ? Amount of G = ? • In DNA, the amount of purines equals the amount of ____ ? • In DNA, if G = 15% then what is the percent of the other nucleobases?

  12. Lipids

  13. Lipids are… • _________ of molecules • Commonality: _______________ _________ • Will they dissolve in water? • NOT _________ • Fats – ___________ • Phospholipids – __________________________ • Steroids - ________ • __________

  14. Fats • Constructed from _____________________ • Ester linkage forms 1 fat from these parts • What type of reaction forms an ester linkage?

  15. Types of Fats • Saturated • _____________ in the fatty acid • ______ fats • Linked to ______________ • ______ at room temperature • Unsaturated • At least 1 ______ ______ • _____ fats • Called ____ • _____ at room temperature

  16. Trans Fats • ____________________ • Only in Labs • Unsaturated fats are ____________________ • Some ____________, trans- configuration • Taste really good • _________________________ • Food labels & 0% Trans fats • Also called _________________________________

  17. Trans fat Elaidic Acid Cis fat Oleic Acid

  18. Nutrition Facts Serving Size: 1 oz (28g) Amount per Serving Calories 160 Calories from Fat 90 % Daily Value Total Fat 10g 22%   Saturated Fat 1.5g 7%  Trans Fat 0g Cholesterol 0mg 0% Sodium 290mg 13% Total Carbohydrates 15g 5%   Fiber 0g 0%   Sugar 1g     Other Carbohydrates 14g   Protein 2g 2% Enriched Corn Meal (Corn Meal, Ferrous Sulfate, Niacin, Thiamin Mononitrate, Riboflavin, and Folic Acid), Vegetable Oil (Contains One or More of the Following: Corn, Soybean, or Sunflower Oil), Whey, Salt, Cheddar Cheese (Cultured Milk, Salt, Enzymes), Partially Hydrogenated Soybean Oil, Maltodextrin, Disodium Phosphate, Sour Cream (Cultured Cream, Nonfat Milk), Artificial Flavor, Monosodium Glutamate, Lactic Acid, Artificial Colors (Including Yellow 6), and Citric Acid.

  19. Questions (P1) • What is the difference between the 2 main types of fats? • What is the common feature for all lipids? • What are the 3 main types of lipids? • What are the components of a fat?

  20. Questions (P2) • Name 3 ways that unsaturated fats differ from saturated fats? • Why are trans fats different that unsaturated fats?

  21. Phospholipids • Similar to a fat, but __________ • Also has a _____________ • __________ + ___________ regions • Found in _________________of __________ • The dual nature of phospholipids = ________

  22. Steroids • Considered lipids because they are ____________ • Consist of ___________ • _________ is a steroid (huh?)

  23. Questions (P1) • Where would we find phospholipids in an organism? • Name 2 ways that phospholipids are different from fatty acids. • What major type of lipid contains cholesterol? • What is the definition (chemical structure) of a steroid?

  24. Questions (P2) • Which macromolecules always contain Nitrogen? • Which macromolecules are polymers? • Which macromolecules contain Carbon? Oxygen? Hydrogen? • Which macromolecules are used for energy production? • What is the main use of nucleic acids?

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