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Recirculating Systems

Recirculating Systems. What you really need to know. What Is The Goal?. To produce fish in a cost effective manner where the environment is controlled through water treatment and recirculation. Putting the Pieces Together. Components Setup Operation Water Quality. Basic System Components.

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Recirculating Systems

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  1. Recirculating Systems What you really need to know

  2. What Is The Goal? To produce fish in a cost effective manner where the environment is controlled through water treatment and recirculation

  3. Putting the Pieces Together • Components • Setup • Operation • Water Quality

  4. Basic System Components • Culture Tank(s) • Solids Removal • Biofilter • Oxygenation • Pump • Temperature Control • Fine & Dissolved Solids Removal • Disinfecting

  5. Types of Culture Tanks

  6. Types of Tanks

  7. Solids Removal • Settleable solids • solids that will generally settle out of the water within 1 hour under still conditions • Suspended solids • will not settle to the bottom of the fish culture tank • Fine and dissolved solids • < 30 micrometers

  8. Settleable Solids • Can be removed by: • Well placed drains • Sedimentation tank (clarifier) • Mechanical filter (granular or screen) • Swirl separator

  9. Solids Removal Settling Tank

  10. Settling Basin

  11. Settling Basin Design Weir

  12. Settling Basin and Biofilter Return

  13. Suspended Solids • Can Be Removed By: • Screen Filtration • Mechanical Filtration (sand or pelleted media)

  14. Upflow Sand Filter

  15. Bead Filters

  16. Biofiltration • Removes Metabolic Waste Products • Ammonia • Nitrite

  17. Biological Filtration(Nitrification) • Trickling Filters • Bead Filter • Rotating Bio-Contactor (RBC)

  18. Trickle Filter Bioballs

  19. Packed Tower Trickle Filter Trickle Filter Trickle Filter

  20. Filter Media

  21. Surface Area of Various Media

  22. Bead Filter

  23. RBC Rotating Bio-Contactor

  24. Rotating Bio-Contactor RBC RBC

  25. Oxygenation • Aeration and Degassing • Pure Oxygen Injection

  26. In most cases, a system’s ability to add dissolved oxygen to water will become the first limiting factor in a system’s fish carrying capacity.

  27. Regenerative Blower

  28. Air Stones Fine Bubble Medium Bubble

  29. Downflow Bubble Contactor

  30. Pump Pump selection is based on the amount of recirculation necessary to maintain good water quality. Related to feed input, number, size & species of fish

  31. Temperature Manipulation Heater Chiller

  32. Dissolved Solids Control • Can Be Removed By: • Foam Fractionator • Water Changes Fine suspended solids increase the oxygen demand of the system and cause gill irritation. Dissolved organic solids (protein) can contribute significantly to the oxygen demand of the total system

  33. Foam Fractionator(Protein Skimmer)

  34. Break Time

  35. The Set Up Things to think about

  36. Putting it all together

  37. Where to Start • Inspect Parts • Identify and Label Parts • Read Directions • Assemble System Without Glue • Double Check 1-way Valves etc. • Glue

  38. Start-Up Break In Period • Fill With Water • Check For Leaks & Repair • Let run for a few days and watch for new leaks • Remove Chlorine

  39. Biofilter Initiation • Check Alkalinity • Start adding SMALL amounts of household ammonia • Bacteria should begin to colonize filter • Run system for 2-3 weeks

  40. Biofilter Initiation Option #2 • Add 20-30 small to medium fish • Use a reputable fingerling dealer • Check fish for parasites and disease prior to adding them to the system • Acclimate fish to receiving tank

  41. Calculate Feed • Feeding rates based on • Fish Species • Fish Size

  42. Tilapia Stocking and Feeding

  43. Calculating Feed Amount • Example • 100 fish weigh 10 pounds total • Approximately 45 grams each • According to chart use 3.2% of body wt. • 10 lbs x 0.032 = .32 lbs or 145 grams • Feed 145 grams splitting feed into several feedings

  44. Recalculating Feed after 7 days • Sample 25 fish and calculate total wt. • 25 fish weigh 1314 grams • 1314 grams / 25 fish = 52.6 g/fish • 100 fish x 52.6 g = 5260g or 11.6 lbs • New feed rate = 5260 g x 0.032 = 168g

  45. Feed Conversion Ratio • Growth = 1.6 lbs using 2.24 lbs of feed • Feed Conversion Ratio = 1.4 : 1 • Now that you have a feed conversion ratio you can also calculate new feed rates based on this ratio

  46. Calculating New Feed Rate Based on FCR • 10 days feeding at the new rate • 168g x 10 =1680 g • 1680 g / 1.4 = 1200 g new growth • New total weight = • 1200 g + 5260 g = 6460 g • New daily feed rate • 6460 x .032 = 207 g • Recalculate FCR regularly (1-2 months)

  47. Water Quality After Feeding • Watch ammonia levels • Prepare water for partial change • 2-3 55 gallon barrels • Change 5-10% of water every 1-2 days • Track feed, DO, Ammonia, Nitrite, pH and alkalinity • Once system is stable add more fish

  48. Adding More Fish • Determine how many fish system can handle • Look at capacity of biofilter • based on surface area of media • Continue to monitor and feed

  49. Eat Fish

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