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2008 TEN-T Days Conference Workshop 1 Transport and Environment. Matthew Ledbury Environment Policy Adviser, CER. Brussels, 14 October 2008. CER – representing the railway sector in Brussels. 71 Railway Operators and Infrastructure Managers
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2008 TEN-T Days Conference Workshop 1 Transport and Environment Matthew LedburyEnvironment Policy Adviser, CER Brussels, 14 October 2008
CER – representing the railway sector in Brussels • 71 Railway Operators and • Infrastructure Managers • From entire European area (including Switzerland, Norway, EU accession states, and aspirant EU members) MEMBERS PROFILE: Private / State-owned• Small / Big East / West• Separated / Integrated• Freight / Passenger Crossborder / National / • Non-EU / EU
The problem with transport 1 Projected change in EU15 GHG emissions from 1990 to 2010 with existing policy measures Source: EEA 2007
The problem with transport 2 • Transport responsible for 22% of GHG emissions in EU-27 • If transport followed trends in other sectors, EU‑27 GHG emissions (1990-2005) would have fallen by 14% instead of actual drop of 7.9% • “Although improvements have been made in the energy efficiency of various transport modes and non-fossil fuels have been introduced, increased transport demand is outweighing these benefits.” - European Environment Agency 2008
Internalisation of external costs Revision of the Eurovignette Directive to allow internalisation of external costs for road transport isurgentandtop priority • All studies clearly show the high external costs of road transport • Internalisation of external costs for road freight is currently not allowed • Revenues raised from charging provide new funding stream
Specific problems: rail noise Noise from rail freight braking acknowledged as a significant environmental problem. • Tackling noise at source is better than noise barriers or other preventative measures • Measures at source identified as more cost-effective • Extra cost for retrofitting of freight wagons with quieter brakes estimated at EUR 500 million to 3 billion • Wagon owners do not have sufficient resources or incentives to implement retrofitting programmes • Use budget for noise reduction not for ‘concrete lobby’ but to assist wagon owners to retrofit.
The future of European Transport? Combined rail-road transport • Combined Rail-Road Transport = Fastest growing transport segment. • Conclusion: Long-distance traffic needs its network of RAIL CORRIDORS. • Road needs a good network of TERMINALS. Terminal Terminal • RAIL & ROAD are COMPLEMENTARY modes: • Rail freight is suited for long distances. 50% is international • Road freight suited for short distances. 70% is short-distance
Bold proposals needed! “All of the current trends in transport fly in the face of what science tells us is required. Present political action in the transport sector is woefully inadequate.” Yvo de Boer, Executive Secretary UNFCCC,-speaking to International Transport Forum, Leipzig, 29 May 2008