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Pericarditis. Is an inflammatory disease of the pericardium, directly involving the epicardium. Deposits of inflammatory cells and variable amounts of serous, fibrous, purulent, or hemorrhagic exudates within the pericardial sac. . Electrolyte Imbalance. Hyperkalemia
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Pericarditis • Is an inflammatory disease of the pericardium, directly involving the epicardium. • Deposits of inflammatory cells and variable amounts of serous, fibrous, purulent, or hemorrhagic exudates within the pericardial sac.
Electrolyte Imbalance • Hyperkalemia • Excess of serum potassium above normal levels of 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L • Kidney failure and certain diuretics • Hypokalemia • Deficiency of serum potassium below 3.5 mEq/L • Vomiting, gastric suction, excessive diuretics • Hypercalcemia • Excess of serum calcium above normal levels of 2.1-2.6 mEq/L • Adrenal insufficiency, hyperparathyroidism, immobilization, kidney failure, malignancy, Vitamin A & D intoxication • Hypocalcemia • Shortage of calcium below 2.1 mEq/L • Chronic steatorrhea, Diuretics, Rickets, Pregnancy Respiratory alkalosis, Hyperventilation
Drug Effect • All of the following in a therapeutic range produces characteristic changes in the ECG • Digitalis • to treat CHF, A-fib, A-flutter, PSVT • Procainamide • Antiarrhythmic drug used to treat atrial and ventricular cardiac rhythm disturbances • Quinidine • Antiarrhythmic drug used to control atrial fibrillation
