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Drugs, Free Trade, Gangs and the Future. The US, Latin America and Globalization Future Prospects. A. Final Exam Preparation. May 01 Final Exam 1 new exam booklet, Info sheet: 1 page 1 side Theoretical Frames of Analysis in US-LA Relations Tucker, Insatiable Appetite
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Drugs, Free Trade, Gangs and the Future The US, Latin America and Globalization Future Prospects
A. Final Exam Preparation • May 01 Final Exam 1 new exam booklet, Info sheet: 1 page 1 side • Theoretical Frames of Analysis in US-LA Relations • Tucker, Insatiable Appetite • Holden and Zolov, LA & US Documentary History • Henderson, Beyond Borders • Chomsky, Cuban Revolution • Class lectures, activities, visitors and discussions • 1. Five ids out of a list of Six. Persons, places, things, concepts from readings, classes, trips, discussions from entire semester. 50 Points. • 2. One essay out of a choice of two. Major content and concepts from the entire semester. (50 Points) • May 03 Class Research Presentations 2 PM 15 min presentation, bring a dish that represents Us-LA Relations to share for our class meal
B. Reading Quiz 5 • Henderson, Beyond Borders, Ch. 5 • 1. How specifically did NAFTA change Mexico? • 2. How did IRCA (1986) change migration? • 3. When did the anti-immigration backlash begin? • 4. In what ways did the National Security Era alter migration? • 5. How did this book relate to our US-LA Relations class?
C. Economic Context • Dissolution of the USSR 1991 brought enormous changes Globalization of Economics Industrial Powers of Asia Emerging consensus in L. Am. on trade Commerce up from 12 billion in 1988 to over 30 billion 1994
Results: • Greater trade freedom • More competitive prices for cons. Goods • Broader markets for enterprising bus. • In 1994 & 1998 Summits, pledge to create free trade hemisphere by 2005 • Inflation continued to drop • Large numbers of enfranchised people • Media hype, popular endorsements
The 1990s and then Recession • Boom of 1990s led to modest social improvements, then collapse • 1997-1998, Argentine tailspin • Decline in spending, investments, unemployment rose, salaries & pensions cut • Recession cut across all of Latin America
B. Trade Agreements by 1998 • NAFTA: Mexico, Canada, US • Mercosur: Bz, Uruguay, Arg, Chile • Andean Pact: Vz, Co, Peru, Ecu, Bol • Caricom: Trinidad/Tobago, Jamaica, Suriname • C.Am. Common Market: Guatemala, Honduras El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica
C. Devastating Impact of 9-11 • Recessionary influences in L.Am. increased by US recession new threat of global terrorism -Tourism plunged in Mexico & Caribbean -Major sources of income and $ activity dried up -Many of L.Am’s primary exports dropped (oil, copper, zinc, steel, foodstuffs)
D. Summit of the Americas 12/94 Agreements • Develop blueprint for hemispheric cooperation • Focus on FTAA, deadline of 2005 • Most resistance came from US • “The real pitfalls are the US Congress and the US public…. The public is not ready for a free-trade agreement with Latin America. In the post-Cold War environment, they don’t understand what the dominant values are.”
MERCOSUR • “Outward oriented integration” • Political goals: consolidate democracy maintenance peace Southern Cone • Argentina and Brazil banned nuclear • Tool for collective bargaining with US • Brazil, 1994, SAFTA • Hemispheric opposition to FTAA
E. El Salvadoran Gangs in U.S. • Film: 18 With a Bullet • What are connections between Gang culture in the U.S. and Gang culture in Central America? • How do Central American gangs link the US with LA?
F. Conclusions: • Discussion about Globalization, Gangs and Future Relations between The U.S. and Latin America Principal takeaway points? Course Evals follow