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Encountering the Older Testament

Old Testament. Encountering the Older Testament. © John Stevenson, 2013. Maps by David P. Barrett, used by permission. Course Objectives. Familiarize you with the history and geography of the Old Testament. See the progress of redemption in the Old Testament.

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Encountering the Older Testament

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  1. Old Testament Encountering the Older Testament © John Stevenson, 2013 Maps by David P. Barrett, used by permission

  2. Course Objectives • Familiarize you with the history and geography of the Old Testament. • See the progress of redemption in the Old Testament. • Critique the approaches to the Old Testament made by modern scholarship. • See the way in which Christ is portrayed in the Old Testament. • See the importance of the Old Testament in the life of the believer.

  3. Textbook Encountering the Old Testament: A Christian Survey. Bill T.Arnold & Bryan E. Beyer. Grand Rapids: Baker, 2008

  4. What is the “Bible?”

  5. How do we know the right books are in the Bible?

  6. The Greek Kanon • It had to be unbendable • It had to be dependable as to its straightness KANWN

  7. Canonicity refers to the church’s recognition of the authority of the inspired writings.

  8. Josephus "For we have not an innumerable multitude of books among us, disagreeing from and contradicting one another [as the Greeks have], but only twenty-two books, which contain the records of all the past times; which are justly believed to be divine...(Contra Apion 1:8).

  9. Josephus "It is true, our history has been written since Artaxerxes, very peculiarly, but has not been esteemed of the like authority with the former by our forefathers, because there has not been an exact succession of prophets since that time." (Contra Apion 1:8).

  10. English Old Testament Pentateuch Historical Books Joshua, Judges, Ruth, 1-2 Samuel, 1-2 Kings, 1-2 Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah, Esther Poetic Books Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Solomon Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Prophetic Books Isaiah, Jeremiah, Lamentations, Ezekiel, Daniel, Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi

  11. Hebrew Bible Torah Prophets(Nabi’im) Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, The Twelve (Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi) Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy Writings(Kethuvim) Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations, Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Ezra-Nehemiah, Chronicles,

  12. How was the Bible Written? Inspiration

  13. All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work. (2 Timothy 3:16-17).

  14. All Scripture is inspired by God… Theopneustos • The Fact of Inspiration

  15. All Scripture is inspired by God… • The Fact of Inspiration • The Extent of Inspiration

  16. All Scripture is inspired by God… • The Fact of Inspiration • The Extent of Inspiration • The Object of Inspiration

  17. False Theories of Inspiration • Neo-Orthodoxy Theory: God is seen as transcendent so that we cannot receive an accurate revelation of Him. Orthodoxy: The Bible is the Word of God Neo-Orthodoxy: The Bible gives witness to the Word of God

  18. False Theories of Inspiration • Neo-Orthodoxy Theory • Mechanical Dictation Theory • Limited Inspiration • Verbal Plenary Inspiration

  19. Can our copies of the Bible be trusted? The Textual Question

  20. Original Manuscript Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy Copy

  21. Qumran Caves

  22. The Science of Interpretation Hermeneutics

  23. Fundamental Questions in Hermeneutics • What did it mean to the original characters of the narrative? • What did it mean to the author? • What did it mean to the original recipients?

  24. Israelites Moses Bible Readers Today

  25. Fundamental Questions in Hermeneutics • What did it mean to the original characters of the narrative? • What did it mean to the author? • What did it mean to the original recipients? • What does it mean in light of New Testament revelation?

  26. The World of the Old Testament

  27. Fertile Crescent

  28. Mesopotamia Egypt

  29. Hatti Mesopotamia Egypt

  30. Hatti Mesopotamia Land Bridge DESERT Egypt

  31. Hittites Assyria Egypt  Babylon Israel

  32. Hittites Assyria Aram Phoenicia  Babylon Israel Egypt

  33. The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley

  34. The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley

  35. The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley

  36. The Coastal Plain • Central Mountain Range • Jordan Rift Valley • Trans Jordan

  37. Jezreel

  38. The Valley of Jezreel Jezreel

  39. The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River Gilead

  40. The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River • The Jabbok River Gilead

  41. The Valley of Jezreel • The Yarmuk River • The Jabbok River Gilead • The Arnon River Moab

  42. Major Roads • The King’s Highway Megiddo • The Way of the Sea (the Way of the Philistines) Jericho 

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