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Influences on Childhood Obesity Development

Influences on Childhood Obesity Development. Shanae Teuscher, CHES. Influences on Childhood Obesity Development. Physical Education Requirement. State Efforts to Control Childhood Obesity. Advertising. Advertising has a great effect on children.

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Influences on Childhood Obesity Development

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  1. Influences on Childhood Obesity Development Shanae Teuscher, CHES

  2. Influences on Childhood Obesity Development

  3. Physical Education Requirement

  4. State Efforts to Control Childhood Obesity

  5. Advertising Advertising has a great effect on children Children are greatly exposed to food ad’s while watching television More TV time results in a greater risk of being/becoming overweight

  6. Advertising A sample of 27.5 hours of children's television programming • Of 571 total commercials 281 were food ads • 27% breakfast cereal/cereal bars, 19% restaurants, 18% snacks • 59% products exceeded added sugar criteria for the study • 1 in 5 exceeded guidelines for: • total fat, • saturated fat, • trans fat, • sodium guidelines • 84% met criteria for vitamins & minerals due to fortification RESULTS: Most food ads geared toward children promote foods high in fat, sugars or sodium, or low in nutrients!

  7. Advertising TV food ad’s have a profound effect on children’s eating habits • Group of varying weight children were shown a series of food and toy TV ads followed by a cartoon • All weight groups significantly increased food intake following the food ad’s • Obese children increased consumption by 134% • Overweight by 101% • Normal weight by 84%

  8. Family Factors • Effective parenting essential for controlling childhood obesity • Parental depression, especially mother’s, compromises ability to engage in optimal parenting forms • Significant relationship between parent and child BMI

  9. Food Security & Stress • Children in food secure households experiencing family structure stress are more likely to be overweight or at risk of overweight than children in food insecure households experiencing this type of stress • Children’s ability to cope with stress affects their weight status

  10. Breastfeeding • Length of breastfeeding associated with obesity and overweight in children • The longer the better • A small protective effect on prevalence of childhood obesity • However, may not have effect on adulthood obesity

  11. Physical Activity • Lack of exercise greatly contributes to obesity • One study advises increasing emphasis on exercise instead of on reducing food intake • Limiting energy intake may lead to inadequate intake during times of growth

  12. Family meals • Children who eat fewer meals with their families are at risk for becoming overweight • Children who eat meals with their families eat more healthy foods compared to those don’t

  13. Portion Control • One study’s findings: • The more children are served, the more they eat • Regardless of breakfast or previous meal size • The more snacks children are offered, the greater their total daily food and calorie intake • Conclusion: Parents are greatly responsible for preventing & causing overweight

  14. Sleep • Children’s sleep recommendations: • < 5 years old = +11 hours of sleep each day • 5-10 years old = 10+ every night • Association between sleep duration & risk of becoming overweight or obese in children. • The shortest sleep duration had a 92% higher risk of being overweight or obese compared to children with longer sleep duration • Risk of overweight & obesity declines with more sleep

  15. Conclusions Our nation and state governments aren’t doing enough to effectively combat childhood obesity and overweight; we as parents and health educators need to be proactive Fighting obesity trends should start within the family and should actively involve the child/children Obesity influences and causes are multi-factorial

  16. ??? Questions ???

  17. References ..Gundersen, C., Lohman, B. J., Garasky, S., Stewart, S., & Eisenmann, J. (2008). Food security, maternal stressors, and overweight among low-income US children: results from the national health and nutrition examination survey. Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics, 1228, 529-540. ..Gutin, B. (2008). Child obesity can be reduced with vigorous activity rather than restriction of energy intake. Obesity, 16(10), 2193-2195. ..Nemours Foundation. (2008). Overweight and obesity. Kids Health for Parents. Retrieved November 2008 from http://kidshealth.org/parent/nutrition_fit/nutrition/overweight_obesity.html ..The Obesity Society. (2008). Obesity Fact Sheets. Retrieved November 2008 from http://www.obesity.org/information/ factsheets.asp ..University of Liverpool (2007, April 25). TV Food Advertisements Increase Obese Children's Appetite By 134 Percent. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2007/04/070424130951.htm ..University of Missouri-Columbia (2007, February 2). Less Television, More Gathering Around Dinner Table Prevents Kids From Becoming Overweight. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2007/01/070131112409.htm . .The Utah Department of Health. (2008). Childhood overweight in Utah, 2008. Retrieved November 2008 from health.utah.gov/obesity/docs/2008Ht_Wt_4_page.pdf .. American Dietetic Association (2008, April 2). Children Fed Diet of Poor Nutrition on Saturday Morning Television. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­/releases/2008/04/080401081910.htm .. The Associated Press. (2008, June 19). Surgeon general says number of overweight children ‘embarrassing.’ Arkansas Democrat Gazette. Retrieved November 2008 from http://www2. arkansasonline.com/news/2008/jun/19/surgeon-general-says-number-overweight-children-em/ . Behen, M. (2008). Help my family get healthy. Woman’s Day, 72(1), 118, 124, 125-126. . Cass, H. (2002). Overcoming addiction. Total Health, 24(5), 36-37. .. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008). Prevalence of overweight among children and adolescents: United States, 2003-2004. National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved November 2008 from http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/pubs/pubd/hestats/overweight/overwght_child_03.htm ..C.L. Ogden et al., “Prevalance and trends in overweight among U.S. children and adolescents, 1999-2000” JAMA 2006; (2002):1549-1555. retrieved March 27, 2009 from www.ndei.org/v2/Slides/img/Slide03.gif ..Cope, M. B., & Allison, D. B. (2008). Critical review of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2007 report on ‘evidence of the long-term effects of breastfeeding: systematic reviews and meta-analysis’ with respect to obesity. Obesity Reviews, 9(6), 594-605. .. Cornell University (2005, June 16). The Bigger The Serving, The More Young Children Will Eat. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 11, 2008, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/06/050616060632.htm . .Davis, M., Young, L., Davis, S. P., & Moll, G. (2008). Parental depression, family functioning and obesity among African American children. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 15 (2), 61-65.

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