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Assuring the Implementation of Effective Public Health Strategies for Nutrition

Assuring the Implementation of Effective Public Health Strategies for Nutrition. Objectives. Students will be able to: Describe the characteristics of public health approaches to assuring nutritional health Apply basic constructs of systems thinking to a public health nutrition concern.

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Assuring the Implementation of Effective Public Health Strategies for Nutrition

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  1. Assuring the Implementation of Effective Public Health Strategies for Nutrition

  2. Objectives • Students will be able to: • Describe the characteristics of public health approaches to assuring nutritional health • Apply basic constructs of systems thinking to a public health nutrition concern

  3. Leading Nutrition Concerns Obesity Sustainability Food Security

  4. Effective Strategies to Address these Concerns require: • Transdisciplinary research base • Population-heath focus • Grounding in fundamental social and economic determinants of health • Intersectoral engagement

  5. Systems Thinking • the only way to fully understand why a complex problem occurs and persists is to understand the part in relation to the whole (O'Connor & McDermott, The Art of Systems Thinking: Essential Skills for Creativity and Problem-Solving) • Traditional scientific approach = isolating small parts of the system • Systems thinking = taking many interactions into account

  6. Systems thinking is needed for problems that are: • Complex problems that involve helping many actors see the "big picture" and not just their part of it • Recurring problems or those that have been made worse by past attempts to fix them • Issues where an action affects (or is affected by) the environment surrounding the issue, either the natural environment or the competitive environment • Problems whose solutions are not obvious http://www.thinking.net/Systems_Thinking/Intro_to_ST/intro_to_st.html

  7. Ecological Framework for Influences on What People Eat

  8. 10 Essential Public Health Services: Public Health Functions Steering Committee - State and Local • Monitor Health Status to identify community health problems • Diagnose and investigate health problems • Inform, educate, and empower people about health issues • Mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems • Develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts • Enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety

  9. Link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable • Assure a competent public health and personal heath care workforce • Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based public health services • Research for new insights and innovative solutions to healthproblems

  10. Assuring Functions of Public Health Aday, LA. Reinventing Public Health. 2005

  11. Assuring Functions of Public Health Aday, LA. Reinventing Public Health. 2005

  12. Serving All Functions Aday, LA. Reinventing Public Health. 2005

  13. Responsibilities of Schools of Public Health • Educate educators, practitioners and researchers – prepare leaders • Transdisciplinary research • Contribute to policy • Work with other professional schools to assure quality public health content • Assure access to lifelong learning for practitioners • Actively engage in communities Who Will Keep the Public Healthy? IOM 2002.

  14. An Intersectoral Approach to Public Health IOM. The Future of the Public’s Health, 2002

  15. Key Components of the Food Sector Muller, Tagtow, Roberts, MacDougall. J Hunger Envir Nutr. 2009/

  16. CONSUMPTION-ORIENTED FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS • describe the steps in the chain from farm to fork; • describe the organizational, financial, technological, and policy characteristics of the processes and actors in each step of the chain • identify the organizational, financial, technological, and policy incentives and disincentives within the chain • analyze how incentives and disincentives affect the food environment: food availability, prices, and marketing; • identify how these incentives could be leveraged to better align the food supply chain with healthy diets Example: Coca-Cola supply chain. Hawkes, J Hunger Envir Nutr. 2009

  17. Emerging Model for an Intersectoral Approach to Public Health Nutrition Communities Institutions Media NGOs Assuring conditions for access to adequate and appropriate food Govt.: public health, agriculture, education, environment Business Food System Sectors Academia

  18. Determinants of Individual Food Choice • Proximal & Immediate • Taste • Cost • Convenience • Proximity • Overarching Influencers • Marketing • Cultural norms • For some specific individuals: health concerns and health literacy

  19. Pick a specific food-based behavior that needs to be improved in a specific population • How is this behavior linked to obesity, food security & sustainability? • Develop a graphic to describe the system that currently influences the specific behavior • Identify possible strategies to improve the behavior • Identify a role for at least 5 of these sectors: • Govt. public health (fed, state, local) • Govt. agriculture • Communities • Institutions (worksites, schools, faith institutions, etc) • Health care • Employers • Media • Academia • Food system actors

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