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RB - 2005/2007. 2. CMOS Image sensors. CMOS Sensors : Integrated, low-power devices with high image quality. Interline CCD : Progressive scan sensors with electronic shutter for real-time imaging. Full Frame CCD Low noise, high sensitivity imagers for a variety of applications. Linear CCD: High performance monochrome and trilinear (RGB) arrays..
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1. RB - 2005/2007 1
Image sensor CMOS
rene.beuchat@epfl.ch
LAP-EPFL
rene.beuchat@hesge.ch
LSN-EIG-HESSO
2. RB - 2005/2007 2 CMOS Image sensors CMOS Sensors :
Integrated, low-power devices with high image quality.
Interline CCD :
Progressive scan sensors with electronic shutter for real-time imaging.
Full Frame CCD
Low noise, high sensitivity imagers for a variety of applications.
Linear CCD:
High performance monochrome and trilinear (RGB) arrays.
3. RB - 2005/2007 3 CMOS Image sensors Example :
Kodak Family Image Sensor
National Semiconductor ? Kodak transfer
Low cost
N/B or color
128 x 101 (580 frames/s)
? 2592 x 1944 pixels (6 frames/s)
4. RB - 2005/2007 4 CMOS Image sensors (ex. Kodak Family)
5. RB - 2005/2007 5 BW CMOS sensor
6. RB - 2005/2007 6 LM9627, CMOS color sensor
7. RB - 2005/2007 7 LM9630, B/W
8. RB - 2005/2007 8 LM9638, couleur
9. RB - 2005/2007 9
10. RB - 2005/2007 10
11. RB - 2005/2007 11
12. RB - 2005/2007 12
13. RB - 2005/2007 13 LM9630 main characteristics
14. RB - 2005/2007 14 Module 9630
15. RB - 2005/2007 15 Module 9638
16. RB - 2005/2007 16 Orientation du capteur
17. RB - 2005/2007 17 Color Mosaic
18. RB - 2005/2007 18 Color Mosaic
19. RB - 2005/2007 19 R'G'B' conversion
20. RB - 2005/2007 20 R'G'B' ? YCrCb
21. RB - 2005/2007 21
22. RB - 2005/2007 22
23. RB - 2005/2007 23
24. RB - 2005/2007 24
25. RB - 2005/2007 25
26. RB - 2005/2007 26 Row scanning
27. RB - 2005/2007 27 Windowing
28. RB - 2005/2007 28 Sensor Reading
29. RB - 2005/2007 29 Video signals
30. RB - 2005/2007 30 Internal registers transfer by i2c
31. RB - 2005/2007 31 Configuration by i2c
32. RB - 2005/2007 32 Small camera interface laboratory project USB interface to FPGA
FPGA for camera control and transfers
Sensor ? FPGA ? Memory
Memory ? FPGA ? USB FIFO (FX2)
FX2 ? PC
33. RB - 2005/2007 33 Data Flow
34. RB - 2005/2007 34 FPGA architecture
35. RB - 2005/2007 35 Camera Controller architecture
36. RB - 2005/2007 36 Camera Interface, signals Camera interface :
Mclk Cam_Mclk
HSync Cam_HSync
VSync Cam_VSync
CamData[7..0] Cam_data[7..0]
CamReset_n Cam_Reset_n
Slave interface ? interface programmation
Clk Clk
Address AS_Address[2..0]
CSelect AS_Cs_n
Write AS_Write_n
DataWrite[31..0] AS_Datawr[31..0]
Read AS_Read_n
DataRead[31..0] AS_Datard[31..0]
InterruptRequest AS_IRQ_n
Master interface ? Data transfers to memory :
Clk Clk
Address [31..0] AM_Address[31..0]
ByteEnable_n[3..0] AM_ByteEnable_n[3..0]
Write AM_Write_n
DataWrite[31..0] AM_Datawr[31..0]
WaitRequest AM_WaitRequest
37. RB - 2005/2007 37 Camera Interface symbol
38. RB - 2005/2007 38 Camera Interface, internal registers
39. RB - 2005/2007 39 Clk extraction-synchronisation
40. RB - 2005/2007 40 Work to do… Analysis and realization of the camera interface
Avalon Slave, registers interface R/W
Avalon Master, master of transfers in memory
Camera data transfers :
Clock synchronization from external data/signals
Data assembly 4 * 8 ? 32 bits
Data synchronization ? Avalon master
VHDL
Module simulation
System on FPGA realization
Integration in FPGA4U system (FX2, SDRAM, …)