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INSIDE EARTH: CHAPTER 3- VOLCANOES

INSIDE EARTH: CHAPTER 3- VOLCANOES. Section 1: Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics. What is a volcano?. Volcano - weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface. What is a volcano?. Magma - molten mixture of rock, gasses, and water from the mantle.

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INSIDE EARTH: CHAPTER 3- VOLCANOES

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  1. INSIDE EARTH: CHAPTER 3- VOLCANOES Section 1: Volcanoes and Plate Tectonics

  2. What is a volcano? • Volcano - weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface

  3. What is a volcano? • Magma- molten mixture of rock, gasses, and water from the mantle

  4. What is a volcano? • Lava- magma that reaches the surface

  5. Location of volcanoes • There are about 600 active volcanoes on land. Many more lie below the sea.

  6. Location of volcanoes • Ring of Fire: a major volcanic belt formed by many volcanoes at the edge of the Pacific Ocean

  7. Location of volcanoes • Most volcanoes occur along diverging plate boundaries, such as the mid-ocean ridge or in subduction zones around the edges of oceans

  8. Location of volcanoes • Many volcanoes occur on islands, near boundaries where two plate collide.

  9. Location of volcanoes • The resulting volcanoes create a string of islands called an island arc.

  10. Hot Spot Volcanoes • Some volcanoes result from “hot spots”in Earth’s mantle. A hot spot is a weak spot where magma from deep in the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch.

  11. Hot Spot Volcanoes • Hot spots often lie in the middle of continental or oceanic plates far away from plate boundaries.

  12. Hot Spot Volcanoes • Can gradually form a series of volcanic islands, for example the Hawaiian Islands.

  13. Hot Spot Volcanoes • The Hawaiian Islands formed over millions of years as the Pacific plate drifted over a hot spot.

  14. Hot Spot Volcanoes • They can also form under the continents. An example of this is Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.

  15. Hot Spot Volcanoes • Yellowstone marks a major hot spot under the North American plate.

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