SUNDAY BIBLE CLASS

1. SUNDAY BIBLE CLASS

2. church leadership IN THE NEW TESTAMENT Springfield, Virginia Nov. 15-16 Church of Christ 2008 www.EdwardFudge.com

3. What about 1 Cor. 14:34-35? CORINTH

4. 1 Corinthians 14 THESE ARE HOUSE-CHURCHES, PRACTICING MUTUAL MINISTRY 26 “. . . When you come together, each one has a hymn, a lesson, a revelation, a tongue, or an interpretation. Let all things be done for building up.”

5. 1 Corinthians 14 Paul tells three unruly groups tozip the lip. 1. 27 If any speak in a tongue, let there be only two or at most three, and each in turn, and let someone interpret. 28 But if there is no one to interpret, let each of them keep silent(sigao) in church and speak to himself and to God.

6. 1 Corinthians 14 Paul tells three unruly groups tozip the lip. 2. 29 Let two or three prophets speak, and let the others weigh what is said. 30 If a revelation is made to another sitting there, let the first be silent(sigao) . . . . 33 For God is not a God of confusion but of peace.

7. 1 Corinthians 14 Paul tells three unruly groups tozip the lip. 3.34 the women should keep silent (sigao) in the churches. For they are not permitted to speak, but should be in submission, as the Law also says. 35 If there is anything they desire to learn, let them ask their husbands at home. For it is shameful for a woman to speak in church.

8. What about 1 Tim. 2? EPHESUS

9. 1 Timothy 2:8-15 “I desire then that in every place the men should pray, lifting holy hands without anger or quarreling; likewise also that women should adorn themselves in respect-able apparel, with modesty and self-control, not with braided hair and gold or pearls or costly attire, but with what is proper for women who profess godliness—with good works. Let a woman learn quietly with all submis-siveness. I do not permit a woman to teach or to exer-cise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet. For Adam was formed first, then Eve; and Adam was not deceived, but the woman was deceived and became a transgressor. Yet she will be saved through child-bearing—if they continue in faith and love and holiness, with self-control.”

10. 1 Timothy 2 – Setting Timothy at Ephesus to rebut false teaching (1 Tim. 1:3). • Speculations and myths concerning the Law of Moses (1 Tim. 1:3-7). • Involved something “falsely called knowledge (gnosis)” (1 Tim. 6:20-21). • Resurrection said to be past (2 Tim. 2:17-18). • Targeted church women (2 Tim. 3:6-7).

11. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation 8“I wish therefore to pray the menin every place, raising holy hands without anger and quarreling; 9 similarly also women in apparel discreet, with modesty and self-control to adorn themselves, not with braided hair (ringlets and curls) and gold, or pearls or expensive attire, 10 but with what is fitting for women professing piety—with good works.”

12. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation Throughout 1 Tim. 2:8-15, the words translated “man” (aner) and “woman” (gyne) also mean “husband” and “wife.” If this is the intended meaning, it narrows the scope of what Paul is saying.

13. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation “11 Let a woman learnquietly with all submissiveness. 12 I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet.” _______________ The startling comment here is not about quietness. It is Paul’s statement “let a woman learn, something unheard of among the Rabbis but approved and practiced by Jesus as we saw earlier.

14. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation “11 Let a woman learn quietly with all submissiveness. 12 I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet.” _______________ The underlined words both translate a Greek word (hesychia) which means “quietness” rather than “silence.” Paul uses the adjective form of the same word (hesychios) in verse 2, “. . . that we may lead a quiet and peaceable life.” See also 2 Thess. 3:11-12, where Paul commands believers “to do their work quietly(hesychia) and to earn their own living.”

15. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation “12 I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet.” _______________ The verb Paul usually uses to express the idea of having authority is exousiazo. Here, however, Paul uses a verb that occurs nowhere else in the New Testament. It is a very strong verb (authenteo) that means “to domineer,” “to overthrow, usurp authority,” “to act as a tyrant,” “to willfully enforce for oneself.” The noun in the same word family (authentes), meant in classical Greek either a “murderer” or an “absolute ruler.”

16. 1 Timothy 2 – Vocabulary & Translation “12 I do not permit a woman to teach or to exercise authority over a man; rather, she is to remain quiet.” _______________ Dr. Carroll Osburn (Women in the Church, 246-252), urges that the second verb underlined above explains the verb before it. This has Paul saying: “I do not permit a woman to teach domineeringly over a man.” Or perhaps, “I do not permit a wife to teach domineeringly over a husband.” This could reflect the situation at Ephesus, where some women/ wives reject marriage and declare themselves totally independent of men/ husbands, based on false “knowledge” or gnosis.

17. Specific, local corrections -- or universally binding rules? 1. I urge that . . . Prayers . . . be made . . . for kings 2. I desire . . . Men . . . pray, lifting holy hands 3. Women adorn selves . . . not with braidedhair 4. and gold . . . or pearls . . . or costly attire 5. Let a woman learn quietly with all submissiveness 6. I do not permita woman to teach 7. or to exercise authority over a man 8. rather, she is to remain quiet 9. Yet she will be saved through childbearing