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ISLAMIC FEMINISM

ISLAMIC FEMINISM. 14.09.11. FEMINISMS No Boundaries Produced in particular places with context bound issues It is a plant which grows in its own soil. But that does not mean that there can’t be common issues. ORIGIN.

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ISLAMIC FEMINISM

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  1. ISLAMIC FEMINISM 14.09.11

  2. FEMINISMS • No Boundaries • Produced in particular places with context bound issues • It is a plant which grows in its own soil. • But that does not mean that there can’t be common issues.

  3. ORIGIN • Qasim Amin father of Egyptian feminist movement. ‘Women’s Liberation’ 1899 • Nisa ‘I’ – 1920’s • Al-Ittihad al-Nisai al Misri (Egyptian feminist union) 1923. • Malak Hifni Nasif in 1909 – Al-Nisaiyat (About Women) • Unthawiyat (womanists) –Nassawiyat (re-makers of women)

  4. Nilufer Gole 1990’s ‘The Forbidden Modern’ & Margot Badran- ‘Opening the Gates: A Century of Arab Feminist writing’. Feminists, Islam and Nations, Exploring Islamic Feminism etc • Mai Yamani 1996 ‘Feminism and Islam’.

  5. FEMINISTS MAY BE CALLES AS…. • Muslim Feminists. • Believe in Islam, gender equality but also tend to use argument outside Islam such as an international human rights agreement to counter gender inequality or secular law of the country. • Focus on Quran rather than of Hadith and Shariah

  6. - • Islamist Feminists - Advocates for a political Islam- that Quran mandates an Islamic govt. - Advocate women rights in public sphere but do not challenge gender inequalities in the private sphere

  7. Islamic Feminists (IF) • Seek full equality of women and men in public as well as private sphere. • Some Alambardars have hijacked Islam & it is damaging • IF call for authentic interpretation of Quran • IF want to restore original Islam • Cultural & political interpretations damaging • Patriarchal laws have damaged the true spirit and equality of Islam • Family laws have been damaged by alien ideologies, distortion and intrusions.

  8. IF want to connect theory and practice- male theorizing not helpful in every day life. • IF is based on ONENESS OF GOD TOWHEED- and not to obey “male power”.

  9. Categories of feminist • Economically dependent, uneducated, rural-urban group • Middle class, urban , educated, financially secure group. It also includes academics & researchers-as pressure groups. • Upper middle class and elite women, men whose position allows them to pursue liberation and development stances.

  10. THEORATICAL UNDERPINNINGS • Liberal Islamic Feminists: - Basically rebellious of patriarchal society • Women right for education • Equal rights in public space • Right to work • Challenge conventional authority of male, e.g. in marriage, inheritance • Women could be head of state

  11. Modernist & Secular Islamic Feminists; • Liberal theory from within Islam • Self-control in sexual urges instead of dress codes and segregation. • Sometimes they compromise to situations for as women did in Iran and Sudan . • Critique of traditional interpretation of Islam • Fundamental human rights- to develop physical, mental and spiritual potentialities, pro-male structures are problematic and should be eliminated.

  12. Radical Islamic Feminists: - Second and third generation are radical activists. • They are concerned about the technicalities enshrined in legal and Islamic . • They do question male dominance but sometimes accept patriarchal norms as genuine as veil. • Dialogue on issues such as work place, worship place, family intermixing. • They critique male’s politicization of Quranic interpretation and Prophetic Sunnah.

  13. Secular Feminists : • Religion is private affair. • Religion and state should be separate • They are concerned about internal variations of Islam-which has impact on our economic, political, cultural, subordination. • Inherent hostility of women rights and fundamental notion of divine laws are problematic • Human rights should be international and have no cultural boundaries • As Muslims their position itself becomes challenging.

  14. Conservative Islamic Feminists: • Women are equal but different. • Segregation of sexes and purdah necessary to control. • They ask for segregated education, hospitals, business etc • Women at work place is a threat to morality and productivity of the society • They counter the efforts of liberal feminists • The younger generation has a different stance and they look for jobs, state generated discriminatory laws, domestic violence, marriage rights ….

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