Summary of supplementary data

1. Summary of supplementary data GLPF Grant- Team meeting #5 July 23, 2013

2. Supplementary information sheets • Received a sheet for ~80% of the soil samples collected • ~1500 total including gridded, repeat, and 4 part sampling

3. How many acres does this sample represent? • Mean = 25 acres • Median = 22 acres • Ranged from 1-153

4. What is the soil drainage class, distance to nearest watercourse, and slope class (using county soil survey)? 21% • Tile drainage systematic in 38% and randomly present in low areas in 52% • From Ohio P Taskforce draft report, 20% of soil in Sandusky River Basin is poorly/very poorly drained • Somewhat poorly drained soils often close to a stream with little slope 57% 43% 8% 8% 7% 10% 24% 64% 40% 15%

5. What is the planned crop for this field? What was the previous crop in this field? • Most samples collected after soybean, but prior to corn • Wheat was at maximum 21-22% of samples 48% 24% 53% 21% 26% 22%

6. Designate the form of tillage used for the type of crops typically planted in this field • Reduced till most common for corn • No-till or strip till dominated soybean and wheat 18% 12% 72% 12% 6% 5% 9% 83% 68% 14%

7. Tillage practices combined across crops • Reduced till corn + no-till/strip till soy and wheat is most common 16% 11% 6% 45% 8% 14%

8. How and when will the majority of fertilizer be applied? 45% 22% 21% 8% 14% 5% 12% 29% 40% • 57% of P fertilizer is broadcast overall • 53% applied in spring (April-June), 46% in late summer/fall (August-November), 0.5% in winter (December-March) • 100% of banding with a corn planter occurred in the spring at planting with with corn (74%) or soybean (20%)

9. Ohio Agriculture Retailer Survey results • Sent to 54 retailers covering 4 million acres Lake Erie watershed • Application occurred in the fall (September-October) on 44% of the acres, 16% in the winter (December-February), 7% in the summer (June-August), and 33% in spring (March-May) • We had 46% applied in late summer/fall (August-November), 0.5% in winter (December-March), and 53% in spring (April-June) • Of the fertilizer applications, incorporation was as follows: • 15% of broadcast was tilled after 1 week [14%] • 18% of broadcast was tilled within 1 week [22%] • 31% of broadcast was not tilled (i.e., no incorporation) [21%] • 4% was strip tilled • 33% was banded with a corn planter [40%]

10. When is broadcast fertilizer applied? 5% 21% 14% • 19% applied in spring (April-June) • 79% in late summer/fall (August-November) • 0.9% in winter (December-March) 8% 50%

11. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 32% 65%

12. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 32% 65% • Usually incorporated • Equally followed by corn (35%) or soybean (35%)

13. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 20% 63% 17% 32% 65% • Also usually incorporated • Typically followed by corn (77%)

14. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 21% 10% 20% 63% 69% 17% 32% • Incorporated at least 1 week after application • Followed by wheat (51%) or corn (35%) • The previous crop was 52% soybean, 2% corn, and 44% wheat • Question asks “when was a majority of the fertilizer applied?” • Its possible that for fields applying fertilizer in late summer, samples were collected prior to wheat 65%

15. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 21% 10% 20% 63% 69% 17% 32% 65% • Higher occurrence of no incorporation • Samples collected before wheat (51%), corn (24%), or soybean (23%) 41% 18% 41%

16. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 21% 10% 20% 63% 69% 17% 32% 65% • Rarely incorporated • Samples collected before soybean (85%) 89% 41% 18% 41%

17. Does incorporation of broadcast fertilizer change with season? 21% 10% 20% 63% 69% 17% 32% 65% 89% • All together, incorporation tends to be lower in the fall 41% 18% 41%

18. How and when will a majority of manures be applied? What is the manure application history? • Very little manure application • Typically broadcast (89%) in late summer 9% 28% 76% 16% 11% 46% ↑ 15% ↓ 4% 11% 45% 6% 14% 12% 8%

19. In general, what type of recommendation do these rates follow? • Most management recommendations follow maintenance fertilizer application rates • When comparing recommended application rate to tri-state recommendation, 50% were higher and 50% lower • Of those higher, 90% indicated adding fertilizer for multiple crops 17% 48% 76% 10% 11% 13% 25%

20. In general, what type of recommendation do these rates follow? • At >71ppm, P fertilizer application is still being recommended in 75% of fields • (25% recommend no application) • Only 39% indicate applying fertilizer for more than 1 crop 17% 48% 11% 25%

21. Summary • Most fields were somewhat poorly drained with low slope and often near a stream • Samples were collected after soybean and before corn; wheat was a lower proportion • Rotational no-till was the most common tillage with reduced till (<30% residue) for corn and no-till for soybean and wheat • P fertilizer was banded with a corn planter in spring at planting and broadcast in the late summer and fall

22. Summary • Broadcast application in the fall was more likely to have no incorporation • Manure application was rare, but when applied it was broadcast in the late summer to fall • Recommendations for farmers were aimed to follow maintenance application rates • Those adding more than maintenance indicated adding fertilizer for multiple crops • Fertilizer application is often recommended for those fields beyond tri-state drawdownrange

23. Questions?