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Trends in Storage Technologies . Evangelos Eleftheriou , Robert Haas, Jens Jelitto , Mark A. Lantz, Haralampos Pozidis . IEEE Data Eng. Bull. 33(4): 4-13 (2010). Presented by: Emery Mizero Computer Science Department March 7 th , 2011. 0. Outline. Motivation HDD and Trend
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Trends in Storage Technologies. EvangelosEleftheriou, Robert Haas, Jens Jelitto, Mark A. Lantz, HaralamposPozidis. IEEE Data Eng. Bull. 33(4): 4-13 (2010) Presented by: Emery MizeroComputer Science Department March 7th, 2011
0. Outline • Motivation • HDD and Trend • Tape and Trend • SCM technology • SCM Devices • Conclusion • References
1. Motivation • Diverse Workloads • Requires specialized system architecture • High performance • Growing Data • Automation • Decision Making
2. HDD and Trend • Perpendicular recording • Up to 1Tb/in2 (Current high: 803Gb/in2) • Physical limitations • Scaling the size of a bit level cell • Rotational rate (5400 – 15000rpms) • Latency
2.1 HDD Performance • Look atBandwidth and Latency Source: Current Paper
3. Tape and Trend • Scale • Increase capacity per in2 • Highest observed: 29.5 Gb/in2 • LTFS (Linear Table File System) • Portable
4. SCM Technology • Non-volatility • Solid-state implementation • Low write/read latency • High endurance (above 28 – 212 cycles) • Low cost per bit • Scalable for future technology
4.1 SCM Technology (…) Source: R.F. Freitas et al. [1]
5. SCM Candidate Devices • None yet… • Flash SSDs do not make it. • Under Construction • PCM • Spin-torque Transfer Memory (STTRAM) • Nanoionic memories • Ferroelectric memories (FeRAM)
5.1 SCM Candidates Devices Number of Papers Presented in two conferences: Symposium on VLSI Technology and the International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) Source: G. W. Burr et al.. [2]
6. Conclusion • Memory will scale to growing processing memory requirements by diverse workloads. • There is future for tape in the memory hierarchy. (Will scale to the digital storage demand)
7. References [1] R. F. Freitas and W. W. Wilcke. Storage-Class Memory: The Next Storage System Technology. IBM J. Res. Develop. 52 (4/5), 439–447 (2008). [2] GW Burr et al. Overview of Candidate Device Technologies for Storage-Class Memory. IBM J. Res. Develop. 52 (4/5), 449–464 (2008). [3] http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/english/NEWS_EN/20080930/158806/, Visited 3-2-11