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Hawaii Energy Storage Seminar: Other Energy Storage Technologies. Abbas Akhil Sandia National Laboratories Distributed Generation and Energy Storage aaakhil@sandia.gov (505) 844-7308 June 16, 2010.
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Hawaii Energy Storage Seminar: Other Energy Storage Technologies Abbas Akhil Sandia National Laboratories Distributed Generation and Energy Storage aaakhil@sandia.gov (505) 844-7308 June 16, 2010 Sandia is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin Company, for the United States Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC04-94AL85000. SAND2009-2801P
Candidate Technologies • Commercially available now • Suitable for Hawaii applications • Flywheels • Thermal Energy Storage • Seawater Pumped Hydro
Flywheel Energy Storage • Highly compatible with “power” applications such as frequency regulation • Short, high power discharges of energy • Frequent cycles: cycle life exceeds 100,000 during operational life • Successful demonstrations in 20 MW sizes in California and New York grids • Beacon Power: Provider of frequency regulation services on a merchant basis
20 MW Frequency Regulation Source: Beacon Power
Evolution of Flywheel Design Technology has come a long way!! Sandia Labs Test Flywheel, 1970’s Beacon Flywheel, Today
Thermal Energy Storage • Ice is made during off-peak hours by existing/new chillers. It is used to cool in the afternoon, on-peak periods • Primary benefits: • Load shifting to off-peak hours • Customer-side demand reduction • Distributed storage • On existing rooftops • Central ice storage in large tanks
Ice Bear System Source: Ice Energy http://www.ice-energy.com/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=K2aEMAPpa4Y%3d&tabid=381&mid=1322
Seawater Pumped Hydro • Limited, but potentially high value applications in Hawaii grids • 5 – 30 MW, 4 – 6 hours of storage • Needs only 400 – 600 foot head • Advantages: • No impact on fresh water supplies • Sites near coast may need minimal civil work • Spinning reserve and system peak shaving • Complements renewables, especially wind farms • Reasonably commercial technology • Does not have cycle life or depth-of-discharge limitations (of batteries)
Okinawa Seawater Pumped Storage Location - Okinawa Prefecture Operation - 1999 Output - 30 MW Effective Head - 136 m (446 feet) Maximum Turbine Discharge - 26 m3/sec. Type - Embankment dam, Rubber sheet lining Gross Storage Capacity = 0.59X106 m3 (approx 6 hrs of storage) Source: International Energy Agency http://www.ieahydro.org/01-Okinawa-Seawater-PSPP-lg.htm
Okinawa Pumped Hydro Source: International Energy Agency