1 / 13

Colligative Properties

Colligative Properties. Chapter 16.3. Learning Objectives. Know the definition of colligative properties Know what the important colligative properties are Be able to think through logically the lowering or raising of these properties due to colligative processes.

angus
Download Presentation

Colligative Properties

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Colligative Properties Chapter 16.3

  2. Learning Objectives • Know the definition of colligative properties • Know what the important colligative properties are • Be able to think through logically the lowering or raising of these properties due to colligative processes

  3. Colligative Properties: Definition • Colligative properties depend only on the number of solute particles present (concentration), not on the identity of the solute particles. • Among colligative properties are • Vapor pressure lowering • Boiling point elevation • Freezing point depression • Osmotic pressure (book does not cover)

  4. Vapor Pressure Lowering As solute molecules are added to a solution, the solvent become less volatile ( = decreased vapor pressure). Solute-solvent interactions contribute to this effect. Shells of water of solvation reduce the availability of solvent molecules for vaporization.

  5. Vapor Pressure Lowering

  6. Boiling Point Elevation • Adding a solute, reduces vapor pressure, more energy is needed to make the solutions boil, raising the boiling point. • Boiling point elevation = BP of the solution - BP of the solvent. • Directly proportional to the number of solute molecules.

  7. What is freezing point depression? • Freezing point depression is the temperature difference between the freezing point of a solution and the pure solvent • Presence of a solute interferes with solid formation, requires more kinetic energy be withdrawn for solution to freeze

  8. Freezing Point Depression

  9. How is water affected? • Boiling point of water increases 0.512C per mol of solute particles in 1000 g water • Freezing point of water decreases 1.86C per mol of solute particles in 1000 g water • Ionic substances have a greater affect than molecular solutes

  10. Why Ionic Better Than Covalent?

  11. Osmotic Pressure

  12. Osmotic Pressure

More Related