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Women at work. Where are we now ?. Women at work. 2007 Employment Rate for women in Ireland was 60.3% up from 48% in 1998 and above the EU target. 2008 : 921,600 women in employment 1,186,900 men in employment 526,000 women looking after home and family (cso census).
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Women at work Where are we now ?
Women at work • 2007 Employment Rate for women in Ireland was 60.3% up from 48% in 1998 and above the EU target. • 2008 : 921,600 women in employment 1,186,900 men in employment 526,000 women looking after home and family (cso census)
Women at work Where are women working?
Women at work 2008 • 21% employed in Clerical/Admin. Compared to 5.1% of men • Professional occupations were most gender balanced 49.8% women • Craft and related least gender balanced men representing 95.7%
Women at work • Education : 85% women in Primary level 62% in second level. • Management level 51% and 38% respectively. • Health: 80% women , 32% Consultants • Civil Service: 77% clerical, 24% Sec.Gen • Hotels/restaurants: 58% female. • Cleaning: 55% female • Wholesale/Retail: 48.9% female
Women at work • Hours worked (2008) • Women’s average hours per week – 31.3 • Men’s average hours per week _ 40.3 • Women represented 79.9% of persons working max. 19 hours per week.
Women at work Gender pay gap • ‘The gender pay gap is given as average gross hourly earnings of female paid employees as a percentage of average gross hourly earnings of male paid employees’ (cso) • Latest figures available 2009 CSO Report women’s hourly earnings were around 87% of men’s.” • EC figures: 18% across the EU (Ireland comes in at 17.1%). Lowest in Italy 4.9%
Women at work Gender Pay Gap • In all sectors men earn more than women • GPG smallest in clerical/admin 91% of male average. • Greatest in Sales occupations 75% of male earnings.
Women at work Union Organisation and membership
Women at work • CSO tells us Q2 2009 34% of employees in Ireland were in Trade Unions up from 31% in 2007. • Highest membership rate in Public Admin at 81%. • Lowest in Hotels/Food Services at 6%.
Women at work ICTU Figures 2010 • Total membership for the whole island: 812,848 • Female membership: 414,719 – 51% • Total female membership ROI: 288,208 • Total female membership NI: 126,543
Women at work What progress have we made?
Women at work • ICTU established Committee on Equal Pay in1965. • Ist Report of the Commission on Status of Women in 1972. • Removal of the marriage bar in 1973 • Legislation : Anti Discrimination Act 1974 • Employment Equality Act 1977 now replaced by Acts 1998-2004 • Maternity Leave/Parental leave/Adoptive Leave and Protection of Employees (Partime Workers) Act 2001. etc.
Women at work • Work Life Balance arrangements now being included in more collective agreements. • More accessible in Public Sector. • Improved Legislative Protection.
Women at Work • Barcelona Council agreed targets of childcare provision for at least 90% of children aged between 3-6 years and 33% at least of children below 3 years by 2010. • Ireland has insufficient data to measure its performance. QNHS indicates the effect having young children in the family has on female employment.
Women at Work • In 2008, employment rate for women 20-44 years was 66.1%. • The rate varied from 87.4% for women with no children to 56.9% for women whose youngest child was aged between 0-3 years.
Women at work What are the issues for women at work into the future?
Women at work • Issues include: • Lack of Union Organisation particularly in the low pay area (JLCs) • Continuing Gender Pay Gap • Childcare Cost/Availability • Glass Ceiling
Women at work • Conclusion: • This area has been well researched and and we have achieved a lot. • It speaks volumes about the value of well organised Trade Union Movement in which women are visible and vocal participants. • Our predecessors laid down strong foundations for us to continue the struggle to achieve a fairer and more equitable society.
Women at work • Our campaigns must extend beyond our own island. • We must reach out to those women who are in a struggle across the globe. • From the vantage point of what we have achieved we must ask why one in eight women on the African Continent will die in childbirth. • We must question the regime that keeps Afghani women silent and illiterate. • It is important that we use our experience and knowledge to promote the cause of women across the world.