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Brain Tidbit II: Brainstem

Brain Tidbit II: Brainstem. Medulla oblongata Pons Mesencephalon (midbrain). Cerebral hemispheres. Cerebellum. “2-oval skull” (brainstem deep and inferior). What is brainstem?. Interior inferior “core” of brain Includes all parts of brain except: Cerebral hemispheres Cerebellum

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Brain Tidbit II: Brainstem

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  1. Brain Tidbit II: Brainstem Medulla oblongata Pons Mesencephalon (midbrain)

  2. Cerebral hemispheres Cerebellum “2-oval skull” (brainstem deep and inferior) What is brainstem? • Interior inferior “core” of brain • Includes all parts of brain except: • Cerebral hemispheres • Cerebellum • Diencephalon • (remember “2-oval skull”) • Think direct autonomic control

  3. What is it? Extension of spinal cord into cranial cavity All motor and sensory information to and from peripheral nerves via spinal cord passes through Central canal of spinal cord opens into fourth ventricle What it does? Autonomic nuclei control visceral activity Cardio-vascular: heart rate, strength of heart contractions, vasomotor (blood vessel opening) Respiratory rhythmicity center Nuclei for Cranial Nerves VIII-XII Relay for sensory and motor information to other brain regions Medulla oblongata(relay from the spinal cord)

  4. Links higher to lower brain region Nuclei for Cranial Nerves V-VIII Nuclei that control respiration Part of “metencephalon” Pons (relay from “lower” to “higher” functions)

  5. Midbrain/Mesencephalon(integration of information for reflexive movements) • Superior to pons • Deep within brain • Superior and inferior colliculi—initiate reflexive responses to visual and auditory input • Substantia nigra and red nuclei (basal ganglia)—background skeletal muscle tone • Nuclei for Cranial Nerves III, IV

  6. Interactive overview of basic regions of brain from PBS [link]

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