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Wave Interference

Wave Interference. Physics Ch 12. Sec. 4. - When two waves come together they can occupy the same space  Superposition – multiple waves occupying the same space Mechanical and electromagnetic waves can do this. Wave Interactions. Interferance –

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Wave Interference

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  1. Wave Interference Physics Ch 12. Sec. 4

  2. - When two waves come together they can occupy the same space  Superposition – multiple waves occupying the same space • Mechanical and electromagnetic waves can do this

  3. Wave Interactions Interferance – combination of 2 or more waves  usually produces one wave (bigger if in phase) (smaller if out of phase)

  4. Types of Interference 1. Constructive Interference – individual displacements on the same side of equilibrium add together to form a resultant wave (in phase) - If two pulses move toward each other and are on the same side of equilibrium their amplitudes add together to form a larger wave

  5. Wave Interactions Constructive interference – when waves combine to create a bigger wave  sum of the amplitudes of the waves

  6. - They move through and past each other - Superposition principle – method of summing the waves to get a resultant wave

  7. Wave Interactions 2. Destructive interference – when waves combine to form a smaller or no wave  some may completely cancel out  difference between the amplitudes of the waves

  8. 2. Destructive interference – individual displacements on opposite sides of equilibrium are added together to form a resultant wave (out of phase)

  9. Reflection - When a wave strikes a boundary it bounces (reflects) off of that boundary

  10. 1. Free boundary – pulse is reflected identical to the pulse • The rope / spring / medium is free to move up and down at the boundary

  11. 2. Fixed boundary – pulse is reflected but is inverted  The rope / spring / medium is tightly secured at the boundary and is not free to move up or down

  12. Standing waves • - Wave pattern that appears to stand still from waves traveling in opposite directions •  Waves at same frequency •  Creates spots of zero displacement

  13. - Node – point on a wave that stands still due to total destructive interference always occurring • Antinode – point on a standing wave halfway between two nodes (point of largest displacement) *Only certain frequencies produce standing waves

  14. Wave Behaviors A. Refraction - bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another

  15. Wave Behaviors B. Diffraction – bending of waves around an edge

  16. Wave Interactions - Wave speed depends on the medium ex. Sound  moves fastest through solids  moves moderately fast through liquids  moves slowest through air/gases (340 m/s) - due to movement of molecules in the medium

  17. Wave Interactions Light travels at a constant speed 3x 108 m/s = 300,000,000 m/s (186,000 miles/sec.) - symbolized as “c”

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