MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BANDS

1. MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BANDS

2. 67 MW band 32 MW band False Colorization “Gradient Map” Reveals Mini-features LOWER BANDS SHOW NO SIMILARITY

3. Page 1 panel1 panel 2 panel 3 panel 4 panel 5 panel 6 Use of the Image Overlay procedure Immunity, Figure 1 questioned panels

4. Figure 1 (panel 5 vs 6) panel 6 (black) is a subset of panel 5 (red) red and black = unique blue = overlap no overlap panel 5 vs 2 panel 5 vs 4

5. What can you do at your institution? • You can help set the tone for the institution and make integrity a high priority • As an administrator, you can develop and implement policies that support integrity • As a principal investigator, you can establish specific standards for your staff on recording, retaining, reporting, and publishing data • As a junior scientist in the lab, you can make a personal commitment to integrity and practice it on a daily basis

6. Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) What can ORI and institutions do to help prevent research misconduct?

7. The Nine Elements of RCR 1. Acquisition, management, sharing and ownership of data 2. Conflict of interest and commitment 3. Research misconduct (plagiarism, falsification & fabrication) 4. Publication practices and responsible authorship 5. Mentor/mentee responsibilities 6. Peer review 7. Collaborative scholarship 8. Human subjects 9. Animal subjects

8. RCR at the Individual Level encompasses: • Intellectual honesty in proposing, performing, and reporting research • Accuracy in representing contributions • Fairness in peer review • Transparency in conflicts of interest

9. RCR at the Individual Level also entails: • Assuming personal responsibility for avoiding or managing conflicts • Taking responsibility for protecting human subjects and for the humane care of animals • Appropriately recording research results and retaining research records • Careful and thoughtful mentoring of students and junior scientists

10. How can RCR be implemented at the institutional level? • Provide leadership in RCR • Facilitate productive interactions between trainees and mentors • Advocate adherence to rules regarding the conduct of research • Provide training to both mentors, junior scientists, and students tailored to their respective needs

11. RCR at the Institutional level (cont.) • Conduct inquiries and investigations into alleged misconduct • RCR training should include discussions of misconduct cases and their adverse consequences to respondents • Consider publicizing your cases (suitably redacted) to ensure that staff realize that you take misconduct seriously and act on allegations

12. A few key issues that DIO has found contribute most significantly to allowing misconduct 1. Inadequate record keeping and lack of guidance from mentors on how to record and retain research data; 2. Failure of mentors to regularly review raw data; overreliance on derivative data (PowerPoint presentations) at lab meetings 3. Unquestioning acceptance of data that others consider “too good to be true”

13. More issues that facilitate misconduct • 4. Lack of transparency within the laboratory and among the staff • 5. Labs so large that authority becomes diffuse • 6. P.I.s are spread too thin, and do not provide adequate training and guidance to students The bottom line – good mentorship and the constant review of raw data can profoundly reduce the likelihood of a mentee committing research misconduct.

14. ORI can provide assistance240 453 8800; AskORI@hhs.gov • Telephone or on site assistance available • Allegation assessment • Advice on policies and procedures, for example : • Sequestration of evidence • Acquisition of digital information (forensic imaging of hard drives) • Properly getting an inquiry or investigation under way • Analysis of the evidence, such as assisting with analysis of questioned images • Investigative strategy and legal problems

15. Conclusion DEVELOP AN RCR PROGRAM THAT WORKS FOR YOU! http://ori.hhs.gov