THE IPPC DIRECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION IN SPAIN

1. Results 2004-2005 and future work THE IPPC DIRECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION IN SPAIN Carlos Piñeiro1, Pilar Illescas2, Gema Montalvo2 and Manuel Bigeriego3 1PigCHAMP Pro Europa: 2Tragsega; 3Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food UN ECE Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution Průhonice, Czech RepublicApril 2006

2. Objective • To summarize the current situation of IPPC directive implementation in Spain, regarding • Technical guide During 2003-05 period, Spanish Guide Document has been updated with the last available information: • Technical • Economical Both from literature and latest trials under Spanish conditions. • BAT assessment housing + (storage + spreading)

3. BATs selection • The candidates BAT were selected form the BREF document based on its: • Efficiency • Applicability • Cost - effectiveness • Eligibility under Spanish conditions

4. Assessment in • Poultry • Laying hens • Broilers • Pigs • Gestating sows • Lactating sows • Nursery • Growers-finishers • Storage • Spreading

5. Laying hens. Materials and methods Already presented Commercial farm El Espinar del Henares (Guadalajara) Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations

6. Laying hens. Results Already presented Frequent manure removal (kg/place/year) SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 216 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

7. Laying hens. Results Already presented Manure drying(kg/place/year) SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 109 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

8. Laying hens. Conclusions Already presented Frequent manure removal (twice a week vs weekly) abated: • Ammonia emissions: 50% • Nitrous oxide: 29% • Carbon dioxide: 10% • Did not affect methane emissions Manure dryingabated: • Methane emissions: 53% • Did not affect ammonia, nitrous oxide, neither carbon dioxide emissions. Combination both techniques could be a good option.

9. Broilers. Materials and methods • Commercial farm in Pinarejos (Segovia). 16000 broiler • Effects: • Controls: NH3, CH4, N2O and CO2 concentration. • Innova 1312 (infrared photoacoustic) • Air extraction and temperature

10. Broilers. Results SEM = Standard error of the mean; n=223; nN2O=187 Probability: NS>0,10; t<0,10; * < 0,05; ** < 0,01; ***<0,001

11. Broilers. Conclusions • Non-leaking drinking systems are able to decrease methane and oxide nitrous emissions

12. Gestating sows. Trial 1Materials and Method Already presented Commercial farm Valdalguís I (Segovia) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid)

13. Gestating sows. Trial 1Results (kg/place/year) Already presented SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 1752 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

14. Gestating sows. Trial 1 Conclusions Already presented Reduced manure pit abated emissions of: • Ammonia: 49% • Methane: 28% • Nitrous oxide: 68% Frequent slurry removal (once a week) abated emissions of: • Methane: 19% • Nitrous oxide: 83%

15. Commercial farm in Aguilafuente (Segovia) Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations Gestating sows–Straw based system. Trial 2Materials and Method • Substitution of slats for totally slated floor • Well managed; • 3 kg / sow per week • Changed weekly

17. Gestating sows–Straw based system. Trial 2 Results (kg/place/year) SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 1752 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

18. Gestating sows–Straw based system. Trial 2 Conclusions Solid concrete floor system with straw reduced : • Ammonia 11% • Methane 66% increased : • Nitrous oxide 178%

19. Lactating sows. Materials and Method Already presented Commercial farm Valdalguís I (Segovia) Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations

20. Lactating sows. Results(kg/place/year) Already presented SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 607 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

21. Lactating sows. Conclusions Already presented Manure pan underneath abated emissions by: • Ammonia (32%) • Methane (65%) • Nitrous oxide (43%) • Carbon dioxide (43%) regarding reference system (deep pit)

22. Nursery. Materials and methods Already presented Commercial farm Carraturégano (Segovia) Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations

23. Nursery. Results Emissions (kg/place/year) Already presented SEM = Standard error of the mean; nNH3=737; nCH4=733; nN2O=744; nCO2=267 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

24. Nursery. ResultsEfficiency (%) Already presented

25. Nursery. Conclusions Already presented • Frequent slurry removal abated ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. • Low protein diet abated ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. Productive parameters were impaired, mainly in the first stage. • Manure channel with sloped side walls abated ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions.

26. Finishers. Materials and methods Commercial farm Carraturégano (Segovia) Measurement system: Innova 1312 (Sir S.A., Madrid) Air sampling, anemometers and thermometers locations

27. Finishers. Results winterEmissions (kg/place/year) SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 669 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

28. Finishers. Results summerEmissions (kg/place/year) SEM = Standard error of the mean; n= 502 Probability: NS>0.10; t<0.10; * < 0.05; ** < 0.01; ***<0.001

29. Finishers. Percentage of reduction regarding reference system

30. Finishers. Conclusions • Manure channel with sloped side walls abated ammonia and methane but hindered cleaning operations (effect on water and energy)

31. Finishers. Conclusions • Low protein diet abated ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. Productive parameters slightly improved. • Frequent slurry removal abated ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions. • Partially-slatted floor abated ammonia, methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Nitrous oxide emissions were increased.

32. Economics • Investment and operational costs were also calculated for every technique • Cost explanation will be presented in tomorrow’s session

33. Castilla y León (Segovia) Cataluña Murcia Ongoing works (I): Measurement of emmissions in other Spanish regions • Standard farms (only forced ventilation is required) • Same equipment and methodology

34. Ongoing works (II): Nutrition in piglets • Project in co-operation with IRDA of Quèbec • Emmissions chambers • Treatments: • Control (T1) • LP diet (T2) • Acidifiers (T3) • Fibre (T4) • All together (T5)

35. Ongoing works (III): Slurry additives • Commercial farms • Same equipment • Treatments (3 x 2 incomplete) • Bacteria • Zeolites • Galacturonic Acid x • In feed or directly to slurry

36. Ongoing works (IV)Water and energy • Assessment of commercial techniques • Water • Drinking systems (nipple, bowls) • Cleaning systems • Energy • Illumination • Heating • Ventilation • Isolation

37. Conclusions • Selected BAT are performing environmentally well • Can be implemented at farm level • Percentage of efficiency is on BREF rank • Extra information is provided • Other gases • Seasonality • Productive performance • Still a lot of work to do

38. Thank You