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1. Practice Quiz Chapter 4 WISDOM Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 MAIN MENU To Exit: Press Escape

2. 1. Prudence or moral wisdom is BEST defined as • a. a consistent desire for the right thing. • the ability to consistently choose those actions which result in • good moral outcomes. • c. proper moral vision. • d. temperance.

3. INCORRECT Rationale: Wisdom has more to do with decision-making than motivation. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

4. INCORRECT Rationale: although having a strong moral vision is part of Wisdom, it is not the whole of it. Good deliberation and judgment are also part of wisdom. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

5. INCORRECT Rationale: Although wise people are temperate, temperance is a virtue, and not part of wisdom per se. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

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7. 2. All of the following are required for the acquisition of moral wisdom EXCEPT: • good character; prudence seems unlikely if one is intemperate, • easily angered, lustful, and otherwise lacking in virtue. • b. experience; the ability to learn from mistakes and practice judgments. • c. certain intellectual talents, such as insight, discernment, and good observation, all of which help one gain something worthwhile from • experience. • d. high IQ, and special academic talent.

8. INCORRECT Rationale: good character is essential for moral wisdom. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

9. INCORRECT Rationale: experience is essential for acquiring wisdom; the inexperienced seldom have such a characteristic. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

10. INCORRECT Rationale: these are necessary for acquiring wisdom; one cannot learn from experience without these talents. Try Again Click here for tutorial on wisdom

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12. 3. Moral vision is BEST defined as: • the cumulative affect of good decisions and outcomes, leading • to a habit of continuing moral success. • b. a relatively well-defined sense of the good life, understood cosmically, communally, and in terms of one's own plans for life. • c. one's knowledge concerning the nature of the world and the nature of human life. • d. a particular end or goal of an action.

13. INCORRECT Rationale: This is the definition of moral competence; moral vision is one aspect of wisdom. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

14. INCORRECT Rationale: although such knowledge contributes to a moral vision, it does not fully define it. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

15. INCORRECT Rationale: particular goals may be a part of a moral vision, but not the whole of it. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

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17. 4. Which of the following would BEST describe someone with a Romantic vision: • people who do the wrong thing are simply misguided and need to be shown the error of their ways; rather than destroy your opponent, you must learn to love them, and hope that you can transform them. There is hope that in the future those who oppose one another will be reconciled. • b. There are evil forces and vicious people in the world; but you can be hopeful that good will prevail in the end. What a good person has to do is find the right path, avoid false "prophets", and work to defeat those darker forces. It will not be an easy struggle, but if you stick to the right path and prove yourself worthy, you will be rewarded and victorious in the end. • c. In the end the only thing you have is your own sense of worth and self-respect. Death is the great equalizer-both virtuous or vicious will die, and there is probably nothing beyond death, or at least nothing better than life. The cosmos is not an especially friendly or hopeful place, so you cannot expect much help from those quarters. Thus, what you do in this life must be done for its own sake, must be its own reward, since there will probably be no other reward for it. Your goal in life, then, should be to prove your worth simply to prove it, and to embrace the way the world is. • d. humans are weak and flawed beings-and this certainly applies to yourself as well. They are quite capable of the most atrocious things even if they are quite capable of good acts. To eke out a decent life for ourselves we must band together in such a way as to constantly check and balance one another.

18. INCORRECT Rationale: this is a good description of a comedic or thalian vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

19. INCORRECT Rationale: this is a good description of a tragic vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

20. INCORRECT Rationale: this is a good description of an ironic vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on moral vision

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22. 5. As argued by Aristotle, and argued in the textbook, flourishing is BEST defined as: • a psychological state characterized by contentment or sanguine • temperament. • b. the emotion of joy. • c. a condition realized in the virtuous exercise of a number of valuable and important practices and activities in one's life. • d. the achievement of status, power and wealth in one's life.

23. INCORRECT Rationale: this is more precisely a definition of happiness, which is contrasted with flourishing. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

24. INCORRECT Rationale: flourishing is the result of doing, and not an emotional state. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

25. INCORRECT Rationale: this may be one form of what is considered to be the good life, but may not include all the activities necessary for flourishing. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

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27. 6. Which of the following BEST reflects the comedic or thanlian vision: • the view of Thoreau, which suggests that there is a simple, more • honest and earthy life that lies behind the striving, hypocrisy, and workaholism of most people's lives. • b. the view of Martin Luther King, who envisioned a society in which division between the races was eventually overcome. This would be done not by one race conquering the other, but by the ability of both races to reach an inner sense of goodness and decency, join together in forming a better society. • c. the view of Paul, the Christian apostle, who argued that Christians must strengthen themselves by means of their faith in order to combat and win against the forces of evil. • d. the view of Jonathan Edwards, Puritan preacher and philosopher, who argued that human beings are not worthy of God, and it is only through his mercy that we are sustained. Without strong hand and guidance of God, human beings would fail and destroy themselves.

28. INCORRECT Rationale: Thoreau expresses a satirical vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

29. INCORRECT Rationale: Paul expresses a romantic vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

30. INCORRECT Rationale: Edwards expresses an ironic vision. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

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32. 7. Happiness, as argued in the text, is BEST defined as: • a. flow. • b. a psychological state characterized by contentment, joy, and/or sanguine temperament. • a condition realized in the virtuous exercise of a number of • valuable and important practices and activities in one's life. • d. the achievement of status, power and wealth in one's life.

33. INCORRECT Rationale: flow is a peak experience, and may not entirely describe happiness as a psychological state. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

34. INCORRECT Rationale: this is more correctly the definition of flourishing. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

35. INCORRECT Rationale: this is one sense of the good life; happiness is more of a psychological state. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

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37. 8. The research done on happiness by Lykken, Tellegen, Edward and Carol Diener, Frank Fujita, among others, comes to which of the following • conclusions: • happiness--understood as a psychological state--is dependent upon one's • successes in life, relative to income, status and marital harmony. • b. happiness-understood as a psychological state-is relatively independent of education, income, professional achievement or marital status; it seems to be a genetically based (though not inheritable) neuro-chemical stochastic and thermostatic)process, that is not permanently affected by life's events. • c. the happiest people are those in live in the most industrially advanced countries. • d. on a whole, the wealthiest people in a society will be the happiest.

38. INCORRECT Rationale: these studies show no significant correlation between these and happiness. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

39. INCORRECT Rationale: these studies show no evidence for this. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

40. INCORRECT Rationale: these studies show no evidence for this claim. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

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42. 9. According to Aristotle which of the following BEST defines the good life for an individual, that is, constitutes flourishing: a. a life that is successful at achieving honor and recognition. b. the pursuit of pleasure that is constrained by temperance. c. a life that involves friendship. d. a life that uses virtue as a constraint and framework for the pursuit of pleasure, comfort, wealth, emotional attachment and recognition.

43. INCORRECT Rationale: for Aristotle these do not constitute the essence of a flourishing life. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

44. INCORRECT Rationale: this more correctly describes the virtue of temperance rather than the good life. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

45. INCORRECT Rationale: although friendship is essential for the good life, it does not define the whole of it. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

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47. 10. Which of the following is the LEAST problematic in the pursuit of the American dream: • such a pursuit involves an inherent contradiction, so that the • pursuit of one goal may lead to the failure at another; in order to create comfort, one must work harder, which leaves less time for family relations, leading to a diminished relationship with loved ones. • b. the focus on family comfort and security often diminishes the role that family members play in community affairs. • c. the very things that bring enjoyment, such as electronics, may also diminish the quality of family life. • d. the pursuit of the American dream causes families to become less connected with one another precisely because they are often too involved in community affairs.

48. INCORRECT Rationale: this is one of the more serious problems. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

49. INCORRECT Rationale: this is one of the more serious problems. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life

50. INCORRECT Rationale: this is one of the more serious problems. Try Again Click here for tutorial on the good life