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Understand the Components of a Network

Understand the Components of a Network. Mrs. Whaley. Nodes and File Servers. Each device on a local area network, such as a computer or printer. Each node is connected to a file server High-speed computers with large hard drives that are used to store large amounts of data.

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Understand the Components of a Network

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  1. Understand the Components of a Network Mrs. Whaley

  2. Nodes and File Servers • Each device on a local area network, such as a computer or printer. • Each node is connected to a file server • High-speed computers with large hard drives that are used to store large amounts of data. • All nodes and file servers are connected via physical media.

  3. Why should data be centralized on a network? • Gives users access to most up-to-date data • Eliminates problem of same data being duplicated on each user’s computer

  4. Network Interface Card • Connects a computer to a network • Controls data between computer’s RAM and network cable.

  5. Client Server Networks • One or more file servers stores most of the shared data and run the network operating system. • Network operating system – manages the LAN by establishing and maintaining the connections between the nodes and the file server. • Common systems are Microsoft Windows NT or XP Servers and Novell Corporation’s NetWare

  6. Network Topology • Physical arrangement of computers on a network. • 3 most common • Bus • Star • ring

  7. Bus topology • A single cable runs the length of the network. • Each node connects to one cable. • Inexpensive, but entire network may crash from one cable being down.

  8. Star Topology • Each node connects to a hub through the file server. • Use more cable than a bus. • Single cable will not crash network.

  9. Ring Topology • Each node connects to the next in a circular arrangement. • A token special set of data) travels from one computer to the next around the circle. • If a computer needs to send or receive data, it must wait until the token gets to it. • Eliminates 2 computers transmitting data at the same time.

  10. Ring Topology Cont.

  11. Protocols • Standards that describe how the different devices on a network communicate w/ each other. • Data must travel through channels before reaching media and vice versa. • Each layer performs its own function and has its own set of protocols.

  12. LAN STANDARDS • All network elements combined. • Ethernet – used with bus and star topologies, twisted pair or fiber optic cables and a NIC. • Fast Ethernet – transmits data at 100 Mbps instead of 10 Mbps

  13. LAN standards cont. • Token ring – 2nd most widely used network. • LocalTalk – Macs use this. • Ordinary phone cables arranged in bus topology. • Data transmits at only 230 KBPS. • Slower than Ethernet or token ring

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