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Elements of Communication

Elements of Communication. Elements of Communication. 6 Elements of Communication 1. Verbal messages 2. Nonverbal messages 3. Perception 4. Channel 5. Feedback 6. Context. Elements of Communication 1. Verbal Messages. Verbal messages are spoken words you use when communicating.

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Elements of Communication

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  1. Elements of Communication

  2. Elements of Communication • 6 Elements of Communication 1. Verbal messages 2. Nonverbal messages 3. Perception 4. Channel 5. Feedback 6. Context

  3. Elements of Communication1. Verbal Messages • Verbal messages are spoken words you use when communicating

  4. Elements of Communication1a. Verbal Messages • Most children begin to use words by the time they are 10-14 months old • Words do not have the same meaning for everyone • Also words change their meanings over time…can you think of an example? • Communicators need to know how to select the most exact words to get their messages across accurately

  5. Elements of Communication1b. Verbal Messages • Differences in meaning: • Not all words mean the same thing to all people • Interact: With a small group of 3 or 4 people list the possible meanings of the following words or phrases See you later Hot Expensive Free What a day! Bad She is bad. Party Tall What’s on Friday night?

  6. Elements of Communication1c. Verbal Messages • Denotative meaning of words • The definition of a word found in a dictionary • Connotative meaning of words • An emotional or personal response to a word • For example: home-denotative meaning is one’s place of residence ----home-connotative meaning is security • Everyone’s connotative meaning for words will be different

  7. Elements of Communication2. Nonverbal Messages • Nonverbal messages are messages expressed without words • a. Appearance • b. Facial expression & eye contact • c. Posture • d. Gestures • e. Voice

  8. 2a. Appearance • If you needed to ask someone for directions, who would you ask first? • An old man in dirty clothes • A cute teenage boy or girl • A woman with an infant • Or a woman in a sari

  9. 2a. Appearance • Clothes, body size, hairstyle, makeup, and decorations such as jewelry or slogan buttons all send messages about how a person sees herself or himself • You probably make quick first judgments about others based on appearance • So that means that others make first judgments about you based on your appearance

  10. 2b. Facial Expression & Eye Contact • Smiles or frowns tell others a great deal about how a person is feeling • A person’s face often reveals rather quickly that a person is angry, happy, frustrated, or nervous • What is a look that tells you not to bother your parent? • Most people believe the eyes are the most expressive part of the body • Eyes show feelings that might be hidden otherwise • You can learn a lot from a person’s willingness or unwillingness to look at you

  11. 2c. Posture & Walk • Posture refers to your body’s position as you sit, stand or walk • The way you sit or stand communicates a great deal about your mood or feelings • If you are slouching, you create a very different image than if you are standing or sitting up straight

  12. 2c. Posture & Walk • Posture can also send other messages • Models are taught to “walk tall” to make good impressions • Persons interviewing for jobs are taught to stand and sit up straight because they will seem more confident • Interviewers usually notice people’s posture while they talk with them about their qualifications

  13. 2c. Posture & Walk • The way you walk also sends nonverbal messages to others • When you watch people walking slowly & dragging their feet, you might decide they are reluctant to get to where they are going • When you see people walking briskly, you may conclude they are anxious to get somewhere

  14. 2d. Gestures • The way people move their arms, hands, and fingers plays a part in communication • Most good speakers use gestures to help make a point • Besides large gestures, people use hand signals to communicate • Think of the different meanings of the peace sign, the OK sign, or crossed fingers • Can you think of other gestures that are used to send a message?

  15. 2e. Voice • A person’s voice, that is, not what is said but how it is said, conveys important messages • Voice includes • Pitch-how high or low the tone of voice is • Rate-how quickly or slowly something is said • Vocal quality-the tone or sound of a voice • Volume-the loudness or softness of a voice

  16. Elements of Communication3. Perception • The process of giving meaning to information you learn through your five senses: taste, touch, hearing, sight, and smell provide you with information about the world

  17. Elements of Communication4. Channels of Communication • In communication terms, the channel is the means by which a message is transmitted

  18. Examples • Television • E-mail • What are some other channels of communication?

  19. Elements of Communication4a. Channels of Communication • People tend to place greater importance on 1 channel than on another • Example: if you are talking on the phone and watching tv, you tend to place greater importance on only 1 of those. You can’t truly focus on both

  20. Elements of Communication4b. Channels of Communication • When a person has trouble understanding a message, there is said to be noise in the channel • Noise is anything that interferes with a listener’s ability to receive a message • Could be outside the person (tv, radio, hard chair) • Could be inside the person (a headache, worries, boredom) • Sometimes you can control the noise (turn down music and sometimes you can’t)

  21. Elements of Communication5. Feedback • Positive and Negative Feedback • Positive feedback tells you that you’re doing fine (a smile, nod of the head, all indicate that you are getting through as you intended) • Negative feedback tells you there is a problem to deal with or lets you know the listener does not agree with your ideas • It is important to recognize whether a listener is confused or whether a listener is disagreeing • Communication goes smoothly when speakers & listeners pay attention to feedback

  22. Elements of Communication6. Context • Finally, all these essential elements of communication come together within a context • Context is the setting and people that surround the message • Setting involves time, place, and occasion • You may say something at a certain place or time that you wouldn’t say at another place • The people in the setting influence what is said and what is not said • The way you see the setting and the other people involved will affect how you handle certain topics

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