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The People of the plains

The People of the plains. SS 9 Ms. Pakkar. The People of the Plains. The Interior Plains and the Native groups in the area Source: http:// nativesofcanada.tripod.com/id6.html. Religion. Belief in a great god, referred to as the “ Wakan Tanka” (“Great Spirit”)

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The People of the plains

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  1. The People of the plains SS 9 Ms. Pakkar

  2. The People of the Plains The Interior Plains and the Native groups in the area Source: http://nativesofcanada.tripod.com/id6.html

  3. Religion • Belief in a great god, referred to as the “Wakan Tanka” (“Great Spirit”) • Belief that all animals, plants, trees, stones, and clouds possess spirits, which could be prayed to. The Earth as the mother of all of these spirits • Ceremonies primarily held in warmer months when the nomadic peoples united Image: Shaman or medicine man

  4. The Sweatlodge 1880 Photo - Buffalo Sweat Lodge Frame, 1878 Completed Sweat lodge structure during a renewal ceremony in spring of 2005 • Source: http://www.dancingtoeaglespiritsociety.org/swlodge.php • Same source

  5. The Sweatlodge Ceremony • Transition into manhood ceremony (boyman) • Why? To find a spirit that would protect him in his manhood • Inside the lodge: heated stones (hot water poured over them) gave off a steam that was believed to purify the boy • Afterwards: the boy jumps into a cold pool of water  led into the forest to fast for a few days and seek a vision • The boy would be retrieved and tell his vision to the shaman • Celebration – feast for the whole village

  6. YouTube • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KG77eUxgqD4

  7. Initiation Ceremonies/Rituals • What are they? • Can you think of any examples?

  8. The Sundance • Varied amongst different groups • Usually a response to a vision, plea, or prayer to the spirits • 4 days for preparation: festivities started at sunset on the final day of preparation and ended at sunset. • In the meantime, during set-up, participants fasted and set-up their tipis in a circular fashion • In the centre: tree was cut and secured with ropes fastened to the top of the pole Source: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains5.html

  9. The Sundance Continued… • Varied dances. Some, like the Sioux, pierced part of their breast area then tied the piercing to the rope. • By leaning away from the post while dancing, the intention was to rip the skin free, with the pain being a tribute to the spirits. • This self-induced pain could last hours. • The Sun Dance festivities usually lasted days.

  10. The YouTube Experience • The Lakota/Dakota traditional Sundance songs: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKqAI2WFdjM

  11. Clothing Every day wear • Sometimes inspired by dreams/visions • Women prepared the hides and sewed the clothing; the men hunted • Hair on the one side of the hide was used to keep warm • Men wore: Breechcloths and full-length leggings, ponchos over the shoulders for warmth • Accessories: belts, headgear, necklaces • Clothing designs were variable

  12. “Montana’s Museum of the Plains Indians” Source: http://www.rd.com/advice/travel/montanas-museum-of-the-plains-indian/

  13. Clothing • Women wore: dresses and short tight-fitting leggings (from the ankles to just below her knees) that laced up with leather ties. • The slip: most common style of dress; it tied up around the neck and under the arms. Two sides were laced together with sinew. Source: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains5.html

  14. Footwear • Moccasins: made of moose-hide • Had a soft-sole • Dried grass used for extra insulation • Sewed using sinew Source: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plains5.html

  15. Shelter – The Tipi • Tipi: cone-like structure made of hides • Specialty of the tipi: waterproof • Light came in from the open top • Bottom lined with fur for warmth • Hearth/fire built at the backside of the tipi • Wooden poles  precious (few trees in the plains) Source: http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_plateau2.html

  16. The Design Circular floor plan represented the cycle of nature: earth, sky, seasons and life itself. The design on a tipi was given to its owners in a dream or vision, usually showing events of humans, animals, or birds, on sides of tipis. The side design usually depicted human, bird or animal events. The bottom skirt area symbolized the earth's surface. The top of tipi represented symbolized father sky.

  17. YouTube: How to make a tipi • How to make a tipi: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAuTHPQm8Xg (9:00)

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