Globalization’s Dual Power

1. Globalization’s Dual Power Robert J. Samuelson

2. Globalization’s Dual Power Unit 9 W arming up Reinforcement T ext Analysis Background

3. Globalization’s Dual Power Unit 9 Questions/Activities Warming up Check-on Preview Objectives

4. Warming up Questions/Activities What signs of globalization do you find around you? How do you evaluate the impact of globalization on your life?

5. Fill in the blanks with tariff, tax, duty. The government may impose ________ on imports. Do I have to pay the ________ on cigarettes? The Budget Committee is planning for a reduction on the corporate income ________. Warming up Check-on Preview tariffs duty tax

6. Fill in the blanks with credit, loan, bond. It is said that 56 percent of new cars were bought on ________ in the US. She’s trying to get a $50,000 ________ from the World Bank to start her own business. Whenever government ________ were issued in China, there would always be long queues outside the doors of the banks. Several stores are offering interest-free _______. Warming up Check-on Preview credit loan bonds credit

7. Fill in the blanks with merger, acquisition, takeover. The bank declared that 1, 750 workers would be fired as a result of the _______ . IBM will look at __________ including small service companies that complement its offerings. He prevented a hostile ________ of the Harbin Beer Co. Ltd. Warming up Check-on Preview merger acquisitions takeover

8. Warming up Objectives • Understand important aspects of globalization. • Evaluate different arguments of globalization. • Familiarize yourselves with economic terms and jargons. • Try to translate journalistic English. • Appreciate argumentative writing.

9. Globalization’s Dual Power Unit 9 Author Background Genre

10. A 1967 graduate of Harvard University with a B. A. in government. A biweekly columns writer for The Washington Post, The Los Angeles Times, The Boston Globe… One of the most recognized writers for his biweekly columns analyzing and reportingsocioeconomic issues. Background Author Robert J. Samuelson (1945-) His Life

11. Background Author His Works The Good Life and Its Discontents: The American Dream in the Age of Entitlement (1995) The Great Inflation and Its Aftermath (2008) Untruth (2001)

12. The 1981 National Magazine Award. The National Headliner Award in 1987 for Best Special Interest Column. The National Headliner Awards for Feature Column on a Single Subject in both 1992 and 1993. The 1983, 1986 and 1993 Gerald Loeb Awards for Best Commentary. The 1993 John Hancock Award for Best Business and Financial Columnist. Background Author His Achievements

13. Background Genre Argumentative Writing Clear-cut structure topic sentence, transition signals… Convincing arguments statistics, quotations, examples, definitions… Long and balanced sentences parallelism, sentence patterns… Economic terms and jargons bond, merger, balance of payments…

14. Globalization’s Dual Power Structure Unit 9 Theme Text Analysis Detailed Analysis

15. Globalization is a double-edged sword; it poses a daunting question for mankind in the 21st century. Text Analysis Theme A THESIS is an argumentative opinion about the narrowly defined subject matter, it is the single most important sentence or series of sentences in the entire argument.

16. Text Analysis Structure • Introduction (paras. 1-2): Globalization is a double-edged sword, a daunting question of the 21st century. • Argumentation (paras. 3-33) A. advantages (paras. 3-17) B. disadvantages (paras. 18-33) III. Conclusion (para. 34): promise vs. peril

17. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part I: Introduction

18. the integration and democratization of the world’s culture, economy, and infrastructure through transnational investment, rapid proliferation of communication and information technologies, and the impacts of free-market forces on local, regional and national economies the increasing interconnectedness of nations and peoples around the world through trade, investment, travel, popular culture, and other forms of interaction (Encarta 2006) Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part I: Discussion What is globalization?

19. Why does the author claim globalization as a “double-edged sword”? Is this a new idea to you? What else do you know about its “double edges”? This is quite a new idea when the text was written: in 1999, at the threshold of a new century. The other edges include, for example, facilitate exchanges between people across the world (goods move, ideas move, and cultures change), the political aspects in World Government, ecological and environmental impacts… Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part I: Discussion

20. What is the daunting question of the 21st century? Why is it daunting? Have you felt daunted about it before? It is daunting because it is possible that the great changes brought by globalization would threaten everything in the world. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part I: Discussion

21. on the edge close to the point at which sth different, esp. sth bad, will happen Their economy is on the edge of collapse. She is on the edge of despair. But from where we stand, they appear to be teetering on the edge of financial—and societal—disaster. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part I: Words & Expressions

22. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II: Argumentation A. Advantages

23. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis globalization Part II (A): Discussion • In what ways is globalization a trendy word for an old process? markets and markets expansion (para. 3) an antidote to deadly nationalism (para. 5) a way of combating communism (para. 4)

24. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis private capital flow (paras. 7-8) multinational companies (paras. 9-12) countries, distinct economic entities? governments (paras. 13-17) Part II (A): Discussion • What is the critical respect that differs globalization from its old process? ?

25. champion v. to publicly fight for and defend an aim or principle, movement or person, such as the rights of a group of people She championed a just cause. champion n. He’s the reigning champion. They are both gunning for places in the championship. He is a champion at playing basketball. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (A): Words & Expressions

26. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II: Argumentation B. Disadvantages

27. What is the FIRST problem of globalization? Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (B): Discussion economic instability

28. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis • How does the author argue this? Why broke out? (paras. 20-21) Asian Financial Crisis Why not a global Downturn? (paras. 22-23) possible larger instability (paras. 26-28) a great danger (paras. 24-25)

29. What is the author’s opinion towards the outbreak of financial crisis in South-East Asia? Do you agree, disagree or partly agree? Why? Investment fund not well used, trade flows become too lopsided (para. 19); crony capitalism, inept government investment policies and excess optimism, misuse of investment. (para. 21) Do you agree with the author that it is the “astonishing US economy” that prevented Asia crisis from becoming a global economic depression? Why? How would you judge his opinion? Pro-west point of view. → more views on Asia crisis Text Analysis Detailed Analysis

30. The cry of “crony capitalism” as the cause of the Asian crisis is no longer very convincing after the crisis spread to the non-Asian world and the irregularities of American business and accounting practices are also exposed. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Stanley Fischer (1943-), former IMF chief economist

31. China, India, Vietnam and Cambodia were not affected by the Asian crisis as much as the Republic of Korea and ASEAN4 (Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Malaysia). This is not because the productivity and institutions of the first group were superior, but because they did not open up financially. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Joseph Stiglitz (1943-), former World Bank chief economist

32. The banking problem and the lack of proper bank supervision. Pre-modern corporate sector: non-transparency, family dominance, non-separation of ownership and management, archaic accounting, etc. Unhealthy relationship between government and big business. Too much dependence on exports (especially on US markets and IT devices). Political backwardness and lack of true democracy. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis What are the reasons for economic instability? → The real cause was the structural weaknesses of the developing economies in East Asia.

33. What is the SECOND problem of globalization? Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (B): Discussion political, cultural, social…

34. How does the author argue this problem? Text Analysis Detailed Analysis fear & anger (paras. 30-31) It could implode… (paras. 32-33) Seattle protest European fears US workers related pictures

35. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis

36. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis

37. How would globalization implode? Text Analysis Detailed Analysis It is not inevitable or irresistible. Governments can shield locals. The governments’ logic. If too many follow, it could.

38. be prone to tobelikely to do sth or suffer from sth, esp. sth bad or harmful Workers who are forced to work long hours are prone to accidents. Some plants are very prone to disease. Kids are all prone to eat junk food. on both/several/all counts I’m afraid I do not agree with you on all counts. I find this unconvincing on several counts. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (B): Words & Expressions (1)

39. balance of payment the difference between a country’s imports and exports balance of payments surplus 国际收支顺差/赢余 balance of payments deficit 国际收支逆差/亏损 current-account (in the text) an account of credits, debits, receipts, and expenditures between two countries Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (B): Words & Expressions (2)

40. surge The taxi surged forward. She could feel anger surging inside her. How can we expect a surge in his financial status in a short span of 5 years? a surge of There is a surge of excitement in his press conference. Whenever there is dispute between the two countries over the border area, a surge of refugees can be predicted. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part II (B): Words & Expressions (3)

41. Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part III: Conclusion

42. Economic interdependence cuts both ways. (para. 34) What can we learn as to how to write the conclusion of an argumentation from the last paragraph? Text Analysis Detailed Analysis Part III: Discussion

43. Globalization’s Dual Power Unit 9 Discussion Reinforcement Writing

44. Reinforcement Discussion • Is globalization already a reality or a choice? why? • Does globalization have anything to do with culture? Do you think globalization is another word for Americanization (culturally, economically, etc.)? Why or why not? • Taking into consideration both the pros and cons of globalization, what kind of attitude should we adopt towards globalization?

45. What are the four major types of writing? narration, description, exposition and argumentation What is the essential difference between argumentative writing and the others? The main difference between argumentative essays and the others is the purpose of writing. The purpose of other types of writing is to inform, entertain, or express the writer’s feelings and experience. However, the primary purpose of the argumentative essay is to persuade, to “win,” to convince readers of the thesis. Reinforcement Writing Argumentative Writing (AW)

46. Can you give some examples of argumentative writings? editorials in newspapers, policies speeches, essays on theories or politics Reinforcement Writing Argumentative Writing (AW)

47. A well-defined, controversial but arguable issue A clear position Convincing arguments A reasonable, professional and trustworthy tone Reinforcement Writing Key Features of AW

48. 1. General introduction state your problem in the thesis statement 2. Extent of the problem who is affected, how bad is it, history of the problem, etc. 3. Sound argumentation use deductive or inductive approaches 4. Conclusion restatement of the thesis and summary of main ideas Reinforcement Writing General Structure of AW