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Ways of Seeing. Berger. Relationship between social status/subject Female nude/subject and painter Images the most powerful communicator we have Images illustrate words/mystify Audience can interpret but not KNOW! Rhythm, music, image. Berger: Reproduction.
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Berger • Relationship between social status/subject • Female nude/subject and painter • Images the most powerful communicator we have • Images illustrate words/mystify • Audience can interpret but not KNOW! • Rhythm, music, image
Berger: Reproduction • Art can be viewed by many, not just elite • Art can be placed with other art, not isolated • Authenticity of art is more important because of reproduction • Conversely, art is more accessible
Berger: Female • Females painted by males • Male absence is presence • Posed to please the viewer • Naked v. Nude (object) • Female stripped of power
Berger: Publicity • Looks to past/refers to future; happiness=owning stuff • Shows us what we need to be happy • Happiness comes from having things others don't (envy) • Glamor=showing off what you have that others don't • Women=men want them/sex; other women want to be them
Kanye West “Monster” • 2010, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy • Dir. Jake Nava
Types of Film Analysis • Formalist Theory • Formal structures/elements of film, such as lighting, camera angles, mise-en-scene, etc. How are these used to create a specific tone, style, effect, or message. • Look for repetitions in lighting, editing, etc. and how they work in relation to the video. • Choose a complex scene/sequence and look at how it works within the film.
Types of Film Analysis • Auteur Theory • Identifies and examines a video by associating it with a director or artist • Look for commonalities/themes in other work by director/artist • Look at how they break from the mainstream norm of the time • Look at special marks of the auteur
Types of Film Analysis • Ideological Theory • Look at the set of “political” ideas and beliefs encoded into the film • Industrial hegemony; control/power of labels and distributors (MTV) over production • Feminist studies, races studies, class studies, post colonial studies, queer theory
Types of Film Analysis • National Cinemas • to understand a video we must locate it first in the political and aesthetic climate of the nation • How we see the world is culturally situated...place the video in that context of production • How would this video be perceived by different cultures?
Types of Film Analysis • Historical Analysis • Look at videos in accordance within historical context or historical developments • Compare video genres in historical eras (i.e. 80s rap vs. 90s rap) • Audience reception; how certain videos/directors changed audience reception of the form