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Mastering the Circling Approach Procedure

Learn about the circling approach, a crucial visual phase of flight for landing on non-aligned runways post instrument approach. Discover how aircraft category, speed, wind, and bank angle influence the manoeuvre area. Explore signages and approach segments like IAF, FAP, final approach, and more.

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Mastering the Circling Approach Procedure

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  1. Circling Approach. • The circling approach (also known as visual manoeuvring in the vicinity of the aerodrome) is the visual phase of flight, after completing an instrument approach, where a pilot brings an aircraft into position for landing on another runway that is not aligned with the instrument approach final track. • The visual manoeuvring area for a circling approach is determined by drawing arcs centred on each runway threshold and joining those arcs with tangent lines. The radius of the arcs is related to: • Aircraft category; • Aircraft speed; • Wind speed; and • Bank angle. Radius (r) varies with the aircraft category r r r r

  2. Mandatory Signs – do not proceed without ATC clearance

  3. Information Signs

  4. Non-precision approaches The NDB The VOR Precision approaches The ILS

  5. ILS Layout Note: Each segment normally begins and ends at a designated fix, but under certain circumstances some of the segments may begin at specified points where no fixes are available. IAF IF FAP/F Profile View Arrival Segment MAPt Initial Approach Segment Intermediate Approach Segment Final Approach Segment Missed Approach Segment Top View

  6. The Heading Section The approach Plan View Section The approach Profile View Section The Landing Minima Section The “Plate”

  7. AWOPS – Summary of All Weather Operations

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