Unit 1

1. Unit 1 National Sustainable Building Advisor Program NaSBAP Fundamentals of Sustainable Building Blair Seibert, CSBA, AIA, LEED AP, GPR, October 2, 2009

2. Rationale for Sustainable Building "The biggest problem is that we architects have been using too narrow a balance sheet to evaluate our decisions. That sheet is not complete; it doesn't include total efficiency and environmental costs. A building may be cheap and pretty, but will it go on to become an environmental and financial burden to those who occupy and maintain it?“ - Randolph Croxton The Croxton Collaborative Architects internationally recognized as a pioneer and innovator in the achievement of environmental and sustainable architectural design

3. Rationale for Sustainable Building SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT “Sustainability meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs UN World Commission on Environment and Development Two Key Concepts: 1. The concept of “needs”…needs of the world’s poor , to which priority should be given: and 2. The idea of limitations imposed by the state of tech-nology and social organization on the environment’s ability to meet present and futures needs.

4. Green, Sustainable, Regenerative William (Bill) G. Reed of Integrative Design Collaborative moves beyond limiting the intensity of the damage we cause. Instead, his focus is on the Regenerative Design Process: local in practice and addressing how we partner and thrive in relationships with the unique social-ecological system of each particular place Regenerative Design “Living Building™” Sustainable Design Green Design Building to Code Goal SBAP? SBAP LEED, etc. Now

5. Rationale for Sustainable Building The Three E’s of Sustainability Environment – minimize the use of non-renewables, use renew-ables at a rate they can be sustained (i.e. ground water) Economy – develop an economy that is vital and dynamic and integrated with the environment (i.e. old growth forests) Equity – aims to ensure that all aspects of society are bene-fited, and no aspects of society are harmed (i.e. coal mining)

6. Rationale for Sustainable Building Resource Depletion

7. Map of proven oil reserves at end 2006

8. Oil consumption per capita

9. Proven natural gas reserves at end 2006

10. Proven coal reserves at end 2006

11. Rationale for Sustainable Building With just 5% of the world’s total population, the United States consumes 23% of the world’s energy.

12. Rationale for Sustainable Building Resource Depletion/ Environmental Pollution

13. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Resource Depletion Buildings are responsible for: 40% of the world’s total energy use 30% of the raw materials consumption 25% of the timber harvest 35% of the world’s CO2 emissions 16% of fresh water withdrawal 40% of municipal solid waste destined for landfills and 50% of ozone-depleting CFCs still in use Structures also affect watersheds, habitat, air quality, and community transportation patterns

14. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Definition of Green Building Green building incorporates principles, techniques, and materials that conserve natural resources and improve environ-mental quality throughout a building’s life-cycle.

15. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 1. Resource conservation- Del Sur Ranch House San Diego, CA LEED Platinum Project Met 17 of 17 Energy Credits Saves 45% by the installation of photovoltaic panels that provide >30% of their needs Energy

16. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 1. Resource conservation- Toyota Motor Sales Torrance, CA LEED Gold Project Uses 94% < potable Saves 11 million gals. of water per year by using recycled water for: Cooling, irrigation, flushing toilets, etc. Water

17. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 1. Resource conservation- Orchard Garden Hotel San Francisco, CA LEED Certified 22% of the materials used were sourced within 500 miles of site Materials

18. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 2. Ecosystem protection (air, water, soil) Las Virgenes Creek Restoration Calabasas, CA Just after a rainfall in 2005

19. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 2. Ecosystem protection (air, water, soil) Las Virgenes Creek Restoration Calabasas, CA Received Outstanding Government Civil Engineering Project Award “Exhibited innovative ideas…how channels should be restored to more viable riparian habitats while maintaining flood control standards”

20. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 2. Ecosystem protection (air, water, soil) Las Virgenes Creek Restoration Calabasas, CA

21. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 3. Indoor Environmental Quality Healthy Air & Views to the outdoors improves test scores and attendance in schools

22. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 3. Indoor Environmental Quality Cleaner Air & Natural Light (indirect) are healthier. Fewer employee sick days.

23. 1B. Sustainable Development through Green Building Priorities for green building include: 3. Indoor Environmental Quality Views to the outside help reduce stress and create a connection to the outdoors… seasons.

24. 1B. Environmental Solutions through Green Building Upgrading the building envelope- reduces fossil fuel use (fossil fuel is the source of all five greenhouse gases (GHG) Reducing Construction & Demolition Waste reduces landfill production of methane (potent GHG) Preservation of trees- sequesters carbon dioxide, slow runoff and flooding Cluster and infill development - lowers transportation and site impacts

25. 1B. Environmental Solutions through Green Building What are the environmental issues that are of most concern in our region of influence?

26. 1B. Environmental Solutions through Green Building What elements in any green building standard that you know of address these issues directly?

27. 1B. Economic/Societal Solutions Provided by Green Building Energy Efficiency- reduces the cost of operating a home. It may also make mortgages more accessible. Sustainable Design – offers integrated solutions that result in overall reduction in the cost of construction. Better Indoor Air- reduces susceptibility to asthma attacks Walkability - encourages exercise reducing Type II diabetes & obesity

28. 1B. Green Building Directly Benefits Homeowners Commercial Developers Design Professionals Contractors

29. 1C. Early Drivers of the Green Building Movement 1970’s energy crisis created opportunities for pro-gressive architects and engineers as the government funded research for energy efficiency studies: Bill Reed, Malcolm Wells, David Wright and others. The Carter Administration founded what became the US Department of Energy 1980’s research funding for energy efficiency was greatly reduced due to cheap oil.

30. 1C. Early Drivers of the Green Building Movement 1990’s construction waste (landfill) and other issues came to the forefront to make it was clear that looking beyond energy consumption to the comprehensive issue of building materials, construction waste AIA Energy Committee was founded in 1973 which transformed into the AIA Committee on the Environment (COTE) founded in 1990 AIA Nat’l Convention- Declaration of Interdependence created in 1993 US Green Building Council formed 1993 Building with Value Conference held in Seattle in 1993

31. 1C. Early Drivers of the Green Building Movement AIA Committee on the Environment (COTE) First Chairperson of COTE-Bob Berkebile, FAIA: 1990–1992 Top Ten Measures: 1. Sustainable Design Intent & Innovation 2. Regional/Community Design & Connectivity 3. Land Use & Site Ecology 4. Bioclimatic Design 5. Light & Air 6. Water Cycle 7. Energy Flows & Energy Future 8. Materials & Construction 9. Long Life, Loose Fit 10. Collective Wisdom & Feedback Loops

32. Early Drivers of the Green Building Movement United States Green Building Council (USGBC) 1998 LEED New Construction launched LEED Rating Systems’ Five Categories: 1. Sustainable Site 2. Water Efficiency 3. Energy & Atmosphere 4. Materials & Resources 5. Environmental Quality 6. Innovation in Design

33. Policies • Federal Initiatives • US Air Force – Sustainable Facility Guide • Sustainable Design Tools: Energy Modeling, Life Cycle Analysis • Sustainable Design Process: Healthy Buildings, Environmentally Responsible Materials, Recycling, Maintenance • Materials and Methods: construction Recycling, Divisions 1-16 and Sustainable Design Resources • http://www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/green/case/accsfguide.pdf

34. Policies • Federal Initiatives • President Clinton’s Executive Order 13101 , • September 14, 1998 • GREENING THE GOVERNMENT THROUGH WASTE • PREVENTION, RECYCLING, & FEDERAL ACQUISITION • Recycling • Recyclability • Waste Reduction • Life Cycle Cost • Life Cycle Assessment • Pollution Prevention • http://www.ofee.gov/eo/13101.asp

35. Policies City Seattle-CITY Green Building Their four member LEED AP team offers customized assistance to homeowners, builders, developers. They create a list of applicable incentives and rebates for each “client”. Tax rebates, cash payments, tax incentives are given. http://www.cityofseattle.net/dpd/GreenBuilding/

36. Policies • City • Anaheim • Expedited Plan Check • Waive Plan Check Fees (≤ $50K) • New construction incentives (≤ $75K/comm’l facility) • Energy Star appliance incentives (≤ $100K/project) • Design review assistance (≤ $10K) • LEED Certification ( $30K) • GreenPoint Rating assistance (≤ $6K) • Etcetera… • http://www.anaheim.net/article.asp?id=1164

37. Policies City Santa Monica Green Building: Code Requirements Requirements for most commercial projects and multi-family over 3 units: Energy Conservation-Must exceed Title 24 by 10% Green Bldg. Materials-Select one material from 5 of the 10 areas; use in 50% of bldg. sq. ft. or 100% of bldg. fixtures; include on plans Landscape – Min. stormwater runoff to impermeable areas; Specify & install water-efficient irrigation systems; Specify graywater and/or captured rainwater for irrigation where practical & economically feasible; Restrict use of water features & fountains Construction & Demo Waste-All projects must divert 65% of their construction & demo waste from landfill; cannot include inert materials http://greenbuildings.santa-monica.org/introduction/introduction.html

38. Policies City New York City Greening their own facilities Department of Design & Construction writes and sells in-depth manuals to inform the design process.  Completed to date and posted on this Website are: Manual for Quality, Energy Efficient Lighting, Geothermal Manual, Construction and Demolition Waste Manual, And a manual on Local Law 77, the Ultra-low Sulfur Diesel Law. http://www.ci.nyc.ny.us/html/ddc/html/ddcgreen/

39. Policies California Cities Santa Rosa (resolution): Promotes the use of the GreenPoint Rated system as a voluntary program County of Marin (ordinance): New homes >3,500 s.f. must meet Title 24 energy budget for 3,500 s.f. home Rohnert Park (ordinance): Residential project must be GreenPoint Rated; Commercial building > 50,000 s.f. must be LEED NC registered City of San Francisco: Task Force recommends LEED Certification for commercial and phased-in requirements for GreenPoint Rated

40. Programs Watch Intro to LEED™ PowerPoint

41. Early Examples-Programs The Collaborative for High Performance Schools Guidelines & Criteria (2002) Facilitates the design of high performance K-12 schools Sea Green by the Seattle Office of Housing developed to promote energy conservation, operational savings & sustainable building practices in affordable multi-family housing projects City of Austin Green Builder Program – Utility Sponsored Green Building Program for residential, commercial and multi-family, offers workshops, professional assistance and referrals. http://www.lgc.org/freepub/land_use/models/village_homes2.html

42. Early Examples Village Homes in Davis, CA – Completed in 1982 http://www.lgc.org/freepub/land_use/models/village_homes2.html

43. Early Examples C.K. Choi, Building, Univ. of British Columbia – Cx 93 http://www.iar.ubc.ca/choibuilding/matsuzaki.html

44. Early Examples C.K. Choi, Building, University of British Columbia–Cx 93 http://greenbuildingsbc.com/Portals/0/docs/case_studies/CK_Choi.pdf

45. Early Examples ING Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam – completed in 2002 http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/ing/index.htm

46. Early Examples ING Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam – completed in 2002 http://www.galinsky.com/buildings/ing/index.htm

47. Projects Break up in small groups and share your “discoveries” from Buildinggreen.com

48. The Green Market Now USGBC Canada Green Building Council World Green Building Council Systems: LEED – used by the US, Canada and India Green Globes – used in the US and Canada BREEAM – United Kingdom Green Star – Australia CASBEE – Japan German Certification for Sustainable Buildings – Germany International Institute for a Sustainable Built Environment (iiSBE) - (academic focus)

49. The Green Market Now Green Building Accounts for 2% of the total building construction which makes up 20% of the Gross Domestic Product Over 100,000 LEED AP 16, 714 LEED Registered Commercial Buildings 1,955 LEED Registered Int’l Projects in 114 nations 17,375 LEED Registered Homes 3, 017 Certified LEED Commercial Buildings 2,579 LEED certified homes

50. Some Green Rating Systems The Green Market Now