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MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration. Chapter 6 Managing and Administering DNS in Windows Server 2008. Objectives. Describe and install Active Directory Domain Services Manage your Domain Name System (DNS) environment

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MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

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  1. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration Chapter 6 Managing and Administering DNS in Windows Server 2008

  2. Objectives • Describe and install Active Directory Domain Services • Manage your Domain Name System (DNS) environment • Troubleshoot your DNS environment • Manage Windows Internet Name Service • Describe the new features of DNS in Windows Server 2008 MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  3. Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services • Active Directory (AD) clients • Use DNS to locate all the resources available on the network • DNS servers you can run in an AD DS environment • Standard DNS servers • AD DS–integrated DNS servers MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  4. Introduction to Active Directory Domain Services (continued) • Activity 6-1: Resetting Network Adapters • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Reset the network adapters on lab servers MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  5. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  6. Using AD DS • AD DS • Microsoft’s implementation of a directory services infrastructure • Stores attributes, or specific information, for objects within a network MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  7. Using AD DS (continued) • Activity 6-2: Installing the AD DS Role on MSN-SRV-0XX • Time Required: 10 minutes • Objective: Install the AD DS server role MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  8. Using AD DS (continued) • Activity 6-3: Promoting MSN-SRV-0XX to a DC • Time Required: 40 minutes • Objective: Build the first DC in a domain MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  9. Using AD DS (continued) • Activity 6-4: Reviewing the New DNS Zone Additions • Time Required: 10 minutes • Objective: Review new zones and records created by the AD DS installation process MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  10. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  11. Using AD DS (continued) • Domain controller locator • Runs at logon to provide client with location of a DC that can authenticate its requests • AD domain names • Every AD domain in Windows Server 2008 has a naming convention based on a DNS domain name • DNS requirements for AD • When a DC is added to a domain, SRV and A records are created to allow clients to find a DC during logon MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  12. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  13. AD-Integrated DNS • Benefits of AD DNS • Faster and more efficient replication • Database security • Multimaster support for updates and replication • Administrators can choose one of the following zone replication options for AD DS DNS zones • To all DNS servers in this forest • To all DNS servers in this domain • To all domain controllers in this domain (for Windows 2000 compatibility) MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  14. AD-Integrated DNS (continued) • Activity 6-5: Changing the Zone Replication Settings for bentech.local • Time Required: 10 minutes • Objective: Change replication options for AD DS–integrated zone MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  15. DNS Zone Layout • AD DS site structure • AD DS sites are designed to limit the replication traffic across wide area network (WAN) links • Distribution of an IT department • How your network is administered helps determine the layout for your DNS zones and servers • Forwarding • Types: standard and conditional MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  16. DNS Zone Layout (continued) • Activity 6-6: Delegating a DNS Zone to MSN-SC-0XX • Time Required: 20 minutes • Objective: Delegate control of a DNS zone for a subdomain to another server MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  17. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  18. Dynamic DNS • Allows supported DNS clients to dynamically update their DNS records on a DNS server • Allows DNS clients to update their A, AAAA, and PTR records • Deletes records of clients removed from the domain or whose DHCP leases expire • Scavenging • Process within a DNS database that uses time stamps to determine when records can update themselves MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  19. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  20. Dynamic DNS (continued) • DHCP configuration • By default, DHCP is configured to provide dynamic updates to clients that support this feature • DNS configuration • Dynamic updates are configured at the DNS zone level • Secure and nonsecure updates • Secure: Performed only by an authenticated client • Nonsecure: Performed by any client MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  21. Dynamic DNS (continued) • How clients use DNS in an Active Directory environment • Failure to point your client to internal DNS servers can cause problems • DNS Client Group Policy settings • For environments that do not use DHCP or have statically assigned IP addresses, this is a good option for defining DNS suffixes and search orders MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  22. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  23. Dynamic DNS (continued) • Activity 6-7: Changing Group Policy Settings • Time Required: 20 minutes • Objective: Modify Group Policy settings MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  24. Managing DNS • DNS console • Main GUI tool used for configuring DNS • Provides access to all DNS zones available on a server, along with configuration settings for the DNS role • DNS Manager • Allows you to add DNS servers MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  25. Configuration Settings in the DNS Console • DNS server level • Configuration and maintenance tasks you can perform • Configure a DNS server • Create the default application (Directory Partitions) • Create a zone • Set aging/scavenging for all zones • Scavenge stale resource records MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  26. Configuration Settings in the DNS Console (continued) • Activity 6-8: Configuring DNS at the Server Level • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Setting server-level properties MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  27. Configuration Settings in the DNS Console (continued) • DNS zone level • Level where all DNS zones exist • DNS record level • Modifying and deleting records • Defining security settings on a DNS record • Managing scavenging settings for a record • Setting record Time to Live MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  28. Configuration Settings in the DNS Console (continued) • Activity 6-10: Modifying a DNS Record • Time Required: 5 minutes • Objective: Modify properties of a DNS record MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  29. Round-Robin DNS • Allows an administrator to configure load balancing of servers based on DNS name resolution information • DNScmd • Can be used to disable or enable round-robin DNS along with other DNS features MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  30. Round-Robin DNS (continued) • Activity 6-11: Setting Up Round-Robin DNS and Creating Records • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Setting up DNS records for load balancing using round-robin DNS MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  31. Conditional Forwarding • Forwarding based on a specific domain name • Created in their own location under your server in the DNS console MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  32. Conditional Forwarding (continued) • Activity 6-12: Creating a Conditional Forwarder for badgerironman.com • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Create a conditional forwarder in the DNS console MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  33. Conditional Forwarding (continued) • DNScmd • Command-line tool for performing configuration and maintenance tasks on a DNS server • Can be used to: • Create and delete DNS zones • Add and delete • View information about DNS zones and records • Change the zone type MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  34. Conditional Forwarding (continued) • Activity 6-13: Performing Management Tasks with DNScmd • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Managing DNS zones with DNScmd MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  35. Troubleshooting DNS • DNS server logs • Global Logs folder: contains a subset of the event logs relating specifically to DNS called DNS Events • General Tab: DNS Events log file is set to a default size of 16,384 KB • Filter Tab: allows you to modify the view of the DNS Server log for better analysis of events MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  36. Troubleshooting DNS (continued) • Activity 6-14: Modifying the DNS Server Log Size and Retention Value • Time Required: 10 minutes • Objective: Modify the DNS Server log settings for your environment MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  37. Troubleshooting DNS (continued) • Activity 6-15: Modifying the DNS Server Log View • Time Required: 10 minutes • Objective: Modify the DNS Server log view to find the root cause of a network issue MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  38. Command-Line Utilities • Ping • You can ping a server by host name or FQDN • Ipconfig • Commands and switches: ipconfig /all, ipconfig /flushdns, ipconfig /displaydns, ipconfig /registerdns • DCDiag • Allows you to perform diagnostic queries of your DCs • Nslookup • Allows you to perform detailed queries for DNS information from the command line MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  39. Command-Line Utilities (continued) • Nslookup • Noninteractive - allows you to perform a single query from the command line by entering all of the query parameters at once • Interactive - allows you to launch nslookup in a command-line shell where you can define parameters one by one • Used with debug parameter; provides more detailed information MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  40. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  41. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  42. Command-Line Utilities (continued) • Activity 6-16: Using Nslookup in Interactive Mode • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Perform DNS queries with nslookup MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  43. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  44. Command-Line Utilities (continued) • Debug log • Windows Server 2008 allows you to turn on debug logging for a DNS server • Allows you to capture packet data related to the DNS server functionality MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  45. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  46. WINS • Microsoft’s technology for resolving NetBIOS names to IP addresses • Based on two important pieces • The Server service and the Client service • WINS server service • Responsible for maintaining the WINS database and responding to WINS requests • The WINS client service • Responsible for initiating WINS queries, client registration, and name renewal MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  47. WINS (continued) • Activity 6-17: Installing WINS • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Install a WINS server on your network MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  48. WINS (continued) • Activity 6-18: Editing the LMHOSTS File • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Edit a user’s LMHOSTS file MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  49. WINS (continued) • Global name zones (GNZs) • Provide single name–to–IP address resolution by creating CNAME records in a special GNZ • If a GNZ is created, a DNS server looks to the GNZ first and then to WINS MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

  50. WINS (continued) • Activity 6-19: Creating the GNZ • Time Required: 15 minutes • Objective: Create the GNZ and associated alias records. MCTS Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Network Infrastructure Configuration

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