Using Medicines Safely

1. Using Medicines Safely Chapter 11 Lesson 1

2. Drug vs Medicine • Drug – substance that changes the structure or function of the body or mind • Medicine – drug that prevents or cures illness or eases its symptoms • Prevent disease, fight germs, relieve pain, treat symptoms • 2 Types: • Prescription – doctor’s written permission • Over the Counter – buy without doctor

3. Prescription • Only medical professionals can give permission • Only pharmacists can fill • Always follow the label!!! • Page 301

4. Over the Counter • READ THE LABELS • Safe when used as directed • If you don’t understand, ask a pharmacist

5. Using medicines safely: • READ THE LABEL • Be aware of side effects • Take safety precautions

6. Misusing Medicine • Taken only when needed • Your responsibility to use as directed • Do not give your prescription to others • Take recommended dosage for correct length • Do not mix medication!

7. Alcohol Use and Abuse Chapter 11 Lesson 2

8. Alcohol • Drug created by chemical reactions of food such as fruits and grains • Legal age is 21 • The earlier you start, the easier to be addicted • When you start drinking, your brain stops growing

9. How Alcohol Affects the Body • Effects happen in minutes (short term) • Impair judgment, reasoning, and memory • Slow body systems, reaction time • Affects coordination • Slurred speech • Distorts vision and hearing • Reduces inhibitions • Extreme amounts = alcohol poisoning, unconsciousness, death

10. Long Term Effects • Brain cell destruction • Nervous system disorders • Memory loss • Liver damage (cirrhosis), cancer • Kidney failure • High blood pressure and stroke • Ulcers, stomach cancer

11. Factors that affect intoxication • Food – foods high in protein slow down absorption • Digestion – 1 standard drink per hour by the liver • Strength of the drink (page 306) • Gender and body composition • Mood/fatigue • Rate of consumption • Tolerance • Medications • Illness

12. Drinking and Driving • DUI – Driving under the influence • DWI – driving while intoxicated • US - Half of all motor vehicle crash deaths involve alcohol • Most frequent cause of death of Americans ages 15 to 20

13. Alcoholism • Illness caused by a physical and psychological need for alcohol • Warning signs: • Becomes drunk often • Drinks alone • Stops participating in things once loved • Acts differently when drinking • Promises to quit but never does • Won’t admit the amount • Experience blackouts

14. Drug Use and Abuse Chapter 11 Lesson 3

15. Drug Abuse • Drugs without medicinal use • Illegal – against the law for people of any age to make, have, buy or sell • Use of illegal, Intentional misuse, or intention of getting drunk

16. Marijuana • Made from hemp plant • Smoked • “gateway drug” • “pot” “weed” “grass” • Pg 309 - effects

17. Stimulants • Speed up the body’s functions • Wear off – exhaustion and emotionally unbalanced • Unpredictable – death

18. Amphetamines • Strong stimulant • “speed” • Many forms – swallowed, inhaled, smoked, or injected • Page 310 - danger

19. Cocaine and Crack Cocaine • Coca plant • “blow” “snow” “coke” • First – high well being and confidence • Wear off – anxious and depressed • Easily addicted • First time users could end up with a heart attack • Crack – smoked, higher dose of cocaine –smoked, highly addictive

20. Methampetamine • “Meth” “crank” “crystal” “glass” • Eaten, injected, smoked, snorted • “rush” at first and then agitation • Violence, insomnia, decreased appetite, irritability, anxiety, nervousness, hallucinations, stroke, death

22. Depressants • Slows the systems • Tablet or capsule (alcohol also one) • Doctors can prescribe for anxiety, muscle spasms, sleeplessness • Brings a feeling of relaxation, impairs judgment, and causes drowsiness • Cause coma and death if combined with alcohol

23. Narcotics • Heroin, morphine, codeine • Pain reliever • Controlled substance • Highly addictive

24. Hallucinogen • PCP, angel dust, LSD, acid • Popular in the 1970s • Distort moods, thoughts and senses • Disoriented, less sensitive to pain, and violent

25. Club Drugs • “Date Rape Drug” • Ecstasy, GHB, Rohypnol, Ketamine • Gained popularity in the 90s – raves • Disorientation, nausea, unconsciousness, death • Difficult to be traced after only a few hours

26. Inhalants • Things with high odor – glue, gas, spray paint, dust off • Fumes breathed in • “huffing” • Go directly to the brain, cause damage or instant death

27. “pharm” party • Kids stealing parents pharmaceuticals – mixing them together at parties “candy” • Mixing 2 drugs can be deadly

28. Dangers of Use • Can not think clearly • Injury to self or others • Brain damage, coma, death • HIV or STIs • Unplanned pregnancy

29. Nervous System Chapter 11 Lesson 4

30. Nervous System • Body’s control center • Carries messages to and from the brain • Controls senses, thoughts, movements, and bodily functions • Two main parts: (pg 314) • CNS – brain and spinal cord • PNS – nerves throughout the body

31. Problems of the Nervous System • Injuries – damage to the head, neck, and back (paralysis) • Disorders – multiple sclerosis(MS), cerebral palsy (CP) • Infections – viruses (polio, rabies, meningitis) • Drug abuse – damage the brain, affect automatic responses, alter the responses (hallucinations) • Alcohol use – immediate effect on the brain, impairment, FAS (fetal alcohol syndrome)

32. Caring for Your Nervous System • Protect yourself from disease • Wear a helmet • Play it safe • Lift properly • Observe safety rules • Avoid alcohol and other drugs