The Role of International Organizations in a Global Economy

1. HRI Geneva Seminar 13-14 December 2010 The Role of International Organizations in a Global Economy Social and Humanitarian IOs from the Perspective of Global Businesses

2. IO Session 3 Social and Humanitarian Policy • World Health Organization • International Labour Organization • Food and Agriculture Organization (+IFAD &WFP) • International Organization for Migration • Human Rights Council • UN High Commissioner for Human Rights • UN High Commissioner for Refugees • International Committee for the Red Cross

3. World Health Organization • World HealthAssembly – 192 Member States • ExecutiveBoard – 34 members (3 yearterms in rotation) • Secretariat – 8000 employees • Budget 2010-2011: • $4.540 billion ($928.8 million assessed) • $3.368 billion base programme budget • $700 million corevoluntary contributions • $2.896 billion other • $822 million special programmes and collaborative arrangements • $350 million for outbreak and crisisresponse

4. WHO Partnerships and Special Outreach Initiatives • Pesticides for public health • 3x5 Initiative • Stop TB Partnership • Partnership for Maternal, Newborn and Child Health • Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network • Blood safety • Buruli ulcer • Rollback Malaria • International Treatment Access Coalition

5. NGOs in Official Relations WHO • 185 NGOs including • Global Health Council • Industry Council for Development • IFPMA • Accreditation usually requires two years of prior formal cooperation with a WHO entity • New policy debated in 2004 but dropped

6. WHO Priority Issues • Substandard/spurious/falsely-labelled /falsified/counterfeit medical products • Sharing of influenza viruses and access to vaccines and other benefits • Public health, innovation and intellectual property • Prevention and control of NCDs • Future of financing for WHO

7. WHO Standards and Policies • Framework Convention on Tobacco Control • Revised International Health Regulations • Codes, guidelines, recommendations • Infant formula • Marketing to children • Global Strategies and Action Plans • Diet, physical activity and health • Non-communicable diseases

8. International Labour Organization • Founded in 1919 in Treaty of Versailles • Unique tripartite structure • Standard-setting orientation through conventions and recommendations • Working time, safety and health at work • Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining

9. ILO Governance • International Labour Conference – 183 members • Governing Body – 56 members (26 governments, 14 workers and employers) • Committee of Experts • Budget 2010-2011: • $665.116 million (assessed) • Ca $500 million extrabudgetary

10. ILO Strategic Objectives • Standards and fundamental principles and rights at work • Employment • Social protection • Social dialogue

11. Recent ILO Policy Statements • Declaration of Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (1998) • Promotion of Sustainable Enterprises (2007) • Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalization (2008) • Global Jobs Pact (2009)

12. ILO Partnerships • Tripartite Declaration of Principlesconcerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy (1977 and regularlyupdated) • New approach: The ILO seeks partnerships with companies and foundations that share its core values and respect internationally recognized principles with respect to labour, human rights, the environment and corruption (Global Compact). • In developing the partnership, guidance and policy advice will be offered by the ILO to bring your company into line with recognized decent work principles

13. ILO PPP Help Desk • A free and confidential service to help companies allign their operations with international labour standards and the ILO approach to socially responsible labour practices. • A one-stop shop for accessing ILO expertise in the areas of social protection, the protection of workers’ rights, sustainable enterprise development, conditions of work, social safety nets and industrial relations. • Contact the ILO Help Desk – • by email at assistance@ilo.org • by telephone at +41-22-799-6264

14. Supply Chain Improvement • The ILO’s Better Work Programme • Helps enterprises bring their practices into line with core ILO labour standards and national labour law. • Strong emphasis is placed on improving worker-management cooperation, working conditions and social dialogue

15. International Organization for Migration • Purpose: the orderly and humane management of international migration • Origins in Inter-GovernmentalCommittee for European Migration (1951-2) • Became International Organization for Migration in 1989 – 127 members • ExecutiveCommittee – 35 members • Budget 2010: • $39.39 million administrative (assessed) • $619.0 million operational • $43.7 million discretionaryincome

16. Other Migration-relatedEntities • Global Migration Group • International Dialogue on Migration • Global Migration Forum • Meeting annually since 2007 • 2011 meeting to be hosted by Switzerland

17. Human Rights Council • 47 members (down from 53) • Nominations from regional groups in UNGA • Three year terms in rotation • Key features • Complaints procedure • Universal periodic review • Special procedures • Two review procedures underway

18. Business and Human Rights • Draft norms rejected by Commission • Special Representative of the Secretary-General Professor John Ruggie • UN « Protect, Respect and Remedy » Framework • Draft principles and options for follow-up to be addressed in 2011

19. International Committee of the Red Cross • Work on behalf of people affected by war • Detainees - Ensuring economic security • Protecting civilians - Water and habitation • Reuniting families - Health • Assembly: 15 to 25 « co-opted » (now 16) • Must be Swiss • Budget 2011: $1.2 billion (highest ever) • $183 million HQ

20. UN High Commissioner for Human Rights • Appointed by UNGA • Administers treaty-based bodies • Civil and political rights • Economic, social and cultural rights • Six others • Budget 2010: $115.3 million • Voluntary contributions $119.9 million (2008)

21. UN High Commissioner for Refugees • Established in 1951 • Assists 10.5 million refugees (2009) • Repatriation, local integration, resettlement • Also assists 14.4 million internally displaced people (of a total of 26 million) • Budget 2010: $3.058 billion (93% from govts) • 6880 employees (710 in HQ)

22. Food and Agriculture Organization • Achieving food security for all through regular access to enough high-quality food to lead active, healthy lives. • Raise levels of nutrition, • Improve agricultural productivity, • Better the lives of rural populations and • Contribute to the growth of the world economy. • Campaign targeted to 1 billion hungry people

23. FAO Governance • FAO Conference every two years, • Council of 49 member countries, three-year rotating terms • The Conference also elects a Director-General to a six-year term. • The current Director-General, Dr Jacques Diouf, of Senegal, began his third term in January 2006 • 2010-2011 Budget: $1 billion

24. International Fund for Agricultural Development • The Governing Council is IFAD's highest decision-making authority. • The Executive Board oversees general operations and approves its programme of work. • List A: eight Members and eight Alternate Members; • List B: four Members and four Alternate Members; • List C: six Members and six Alternate Members • Current budget: $800 million

25. World Food Programme • WFP Executive Board of 36 Member States • Executive Director - appointed jointly by the UN Secretary General and the Director-General of FAO (UN Food and Agriculture Organization) • Five-year term – Josette Shearan (2007)

26. WFP Strategic Direction • 2008 Plan marks a historic shift from WFP as a food aid agency to WFP as a food assistance agency, with a more nuanced set of tools to respond to critical hunger needs. • WFP relies entirely on voluntary contributions for its funding - $3.6 billion in 2010 • Principal donors are governments • But they also receive donations from the private sector and individuals.